Issues of criminal protection of entrepreneurial (business) activity

The article deals with issues of power squeeze on business in the context of criminal, political, criminological grounds both in the legal framework and legislative practices. Authors analyze the number of laws and regulations as well as the the drafts of Modernization concept of the criminal legislative in economy and the federal law "On amendments to legal acts of the Russian Federation due to the introduction of legal entities’ criminal and legal squeeze doctrine”. Authors illustrate the statistical data on the revealed crimes, criminal investigations filed and referred to court, data on gulty verdicts confirming the absence of such phenomenon as squeeze on business communities. Authors give the grounded conclusion on the liberalization of criminal legislation related to business activity in Russia using certain cases. Thus, the criminal policy pursued in Russia in the field of entrepreneurial activity bears no relation with excessive squeezing of business. And excessive publicity of redundancy of countermeasures to crimes in this field has no sufficient grounds.peer-reviewe

Corruption and legal limits of anti-corruption enforcement

Purpose: The article studies the issue of the limits to fight corruption in Russia within the framework of criminal law. The article is mainly devoted to the problems of combating corruption and its criminal law methods. Design/Methodology/Approach: Authors analyzed the state of corruption taking into account public opinion and the general state of the law enforcement system. Authors also illustrated a criminological profile of an exactor. Findings: The features of the specific crimes of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are studied in this article. Auhtors highlighted a number of points: first, the identity between the definitions of corruption as a negative social and legal phenomenon and second as crime itself. Practical Implications: The article provides a detailed analysis and classification of corruption crimes under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and proposes solutions to the identified problems aimed at improving the effectiveness of criminal law counteraction against bribery and other corruption phenomena. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study is a detailed analysis of the legal framework of the Russian Federation regarding the anti-corruption enforcement and contains solutions to improve the effectiveness of criminal law counteraction against bribery, other corruption crimes and corruption in general.peer-reviewe

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МАССИВА ПЬЕЗОСЕНСОРОВ ДЛЯ ЭКСПРЕССНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СВОБОДНЫХ ЛЕГКОЛЕТУЧИХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ В ИЗДЕЛИЯХ ИЗ ФЕНОЛФОРМАЛЬДЕГИДНЫХ ПЛАСТМАСС

An express method for determining of volatile components in the products of phenol-formaldehyde plastics is developed by detecting them in the equilibrium gas phase using the piezosensors array. The sorption of substances-marker vapor which are the main pollutants in the air diffusing from plastic household products has been studied under identical conditions. The array of 8 piezosensors is selected providing minimal impact of water vapor on the microbalance results; maximum sensitivity to one / several classes of organic compounds; identification of phenol / formaldehyde in the mixtures. A method of evaluation the level of emissions of phenol, formaldehyde, toluene, acetone from household plastic products is developed using the piezosensors array. It has been proposed the ranking samples nonfood polymers into groups according to the danger degree based on the total content of volatile organic compounds and the presence of phenol / formaldehyde. The main criterion to justify polymer belonging to a group is the most informative analytical signal piezosensors array – square of "visual print." Accuracy of the phenol determination in polymers is verified by standard spectrophotometric method with 4- aminoantipyrine, it is shown the results of both methods satisfactorily converge. The proposed method can significantly reduce the economic and time costs on analysis and expand the analytical information about the content of other volatile substances in a single measurement.Key words: analysis, safety, plastics, phenol, formaldehyde, sensors, “electronic nose”.(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2014.18.1.007 Т.А. Kuchmenko, E.V. Drozdova Voronezh state university of engineering technology, Voronezh, Russian FederationРазработан экспрессный способ определения легколетучих компонентов в изделиях из фенолформальдегидных пластмасс путем детектирования их в равновесной газовой фазе с применением массива пьезосенсоров. В идентичных условиях изучена сорбция паров веществ-маркеров, которые являются основными загрязняющими веществами, диффундирующими в воздух из бытовых полимерных изделий. Подобран массив из 8 пьезосенсоров, обеспечивающий минимальное влияние паров воды на результаты микровзвешивания; максимальную чувствительность к одному/нескольким классам органических соединений; идентификацию фенола/формальдегида в смесях. Разработан способ оценки уровня эмиссии фенола, формальдегида, толуола, ацетона из бытовых полимерных изделий с применением массива пьезосенсоров. Предложено ранжирование образцов непищевых полимеров на группы по степени опасности с учетом суммарного содержания легколетучих органических соединений и наличия  фенола/формальдегида. Основным критерием для обоснования принадлежности полимера к какой-либо группе является наиболее информативный аналитический сигнал массива пьезосенсоров – площадь «визуального отпечатка».Правильность определения фенола в полимерах проверена по стандартной спектрофотометрической методике с 4-аминоантипирином, показана удовлетворительная сходимость результатов обоих способов. Предложенный способ позволяет существенно снизить экономические и временные затраты на проведение анализа и расширить аналитическую информацию о содержании других легколетучих веществ за одно измерение.Ключевые слова: анализ, безопасность, пластмассы, фенол, формальдегид, пьезосенсоры, «электронный нос»DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2014.18.1.007

Modern geochemical situation in the area of mining facilities of Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (by the example of Mikhailovsky GOK)

They provided the results of geochemical situation analysis in the KMA region over the past 10 years on the basis of literature data and the materials of author's studies on the example of the Mikhailovsky ore mining and processing enterprise are presented. The statistical analysis of pollutant distribution dependencies is performed within the ore mining and processing enterprise impact zones, the areas of element dispersion were estimated, the indices of industrial and agro-industrial background have been calculated using the example of a model territor

Preparation and antibacterial properties of composite nanostructures from titanium and copper oxides

Composite nanostructures of titanium and copper oxides have been produced on the surface of copper grids by thermal oxidation in combination with sol–gel method. The influence of the oxidation temperature and duration on the structural characteristics of the nanostructured copper oxides thus produced, in the form of CuO nanowire arrays, has been analyzed. X-ray diffraction characterization indicated the presence of crystalline titania in the form of anatase in the composite structures. The CuO/TiO2 structures have been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity under illumination with scattered light and visible light from an artificial light source, ensuring 100% cell death in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cultures in 30 and 90 min, respectively

Syntactic Means of Forming the Image of a Politician in Headlines of Leading American Newspapers

Syntactic means of forming the image of a politician in the headlines of English-language newspapers on the material of the websites of the corresponding publications are considered in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in 2020—2021 online media acquired particular importance: in the conditions of isolation associated with the pandemic, many readers, instead of the printed version of the newspaper, began to read the online version, the design of which allows you to read the headline and lead without seeing the main text of the titled material. The question is raised about the order of words and the position of the leader’s sur-name in the sentence as a means of positioning the figure of a political leader. The results of a comparative analysis of the headlines of “The New York Times” and “The Washington Post” for the period January 20, 2009 — February 20, 2009, Jan-uary 20, 2017 — February 20, 2017, January 20, 2021 — February 20, 2021 are presented. These periods correspond to the first month in office of US President Barack Obama (2009], Donald Trump (2017) and Joseph Biden (2021]. It has been proven that news-papers use manipulative technologies in headlines, relying on the communicative role of the subject and its place in the structure of the sentence. In particular, the president supported by this media is positioned as an active politician and the main character, while the unsupported president is positioned as a secondary and inactive one

Optical coherence tomography angiography for choroidal neovascularization in pathological myopia and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in combination with axial myopia in comparative analysis

Background. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is currently an important method of visualization and assessment of fundus pathology in various diseases. The study of combined pathologies is not well covered.The aim: to compare OCTA features during choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in pathological myopia (PM) and in neovascular age-related macular degeneration in combination with axial myopia (nAMD + M) against the background of anti-VEGF therapy.Materials and methods. A prospective study included 70 eyes with active CNV. Comparative analysis of parameters was carried out between two groups: with PM – 47 eyes; with nAMD + M – 23 eyes.Results. 4 OCTA patterns were established in both groups: dense, loose, mixed and unidentifi able. With PM, dense pattern was found in 28 (59.57 %) eyes, loose pattern – in 16 (34.04 %), mixed pattern– in 2 (4.26 %), unidentifi able pattern – in 1 (2.13 %). In the nAMD + M group, dense pattern was rare – in 1 (4.35 %) eye, loose pattern – in 7 (30.44 %), mixed pattern – in 9 (39.13 %), unidentifi able pattern – in 6 (26.08 %). The fi rst group was characterized by a dense pattern that was found at a younger age, the second group was characterized by dense and mixed patterns. The greatest area and density of CNV were found with a loose pattern in both groups (p < 0.05). The observation period until the stabilization of CNV was achieved was longer in the loose and mixed patterns in the PM group, and in the loose and unidentifi able – in the nAMD + M group (p < 0.05). Loose and unidentifi able patterns require more injections. The halo was determined by the presence of intraretinal fluid in the retina. Conclusion. OCTA showed common features and distinctive features in the course of CNV in patients with PM and nAMD + M during anti-VEGF therapy. OCTA can be useful in assessing CNV activity and predicting the eff ect of treatment

Conformation of land management in areas of open and closed mining ore in the region of Kursk Magnetic Anomaly

The study of the modern structure of land management on areas of mining complexes accommodation of Kursk magnetic anomaly and for the information support of nature management and promoting the sustainable development of the territory was conducted. The processes of transformation of the landscape architecture of the area with an open and mining method in iron ore production are observe

Elongation of confined ferrofluid droplets under applied fields

Ferrofluids are strongly paramagnetic liquids. We study the behavior of ferrofluid droplets confined between two parallel plates with a weak applied field parallel to the plates. The droplets elongate under the applied field to reduce their demagnetizing energy and reach an equilibrium shape where the magnetic forces balance against the surface tension. This elongation varies logarithmically with aspect ratio of droplet thickness to its original radius, in contrast to the behavior of unconfined droplets. Experimental studies of a ferrofluid/water/surfactant emulsion confirm this prediction.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.

Estimation of the integral toxicity of photocatalysts based on graphitic carbon nitride in a luminescent test

A ternary heterosystem consisting of crystalline graphitic carbon nitride, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide (g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS) was obtained by the one-stage decomposition of a mixture of thiourea and zinc acetate. The integral toxicity index of the resulting material was estimated in a luminescent test with a genetically modified Escherichia coli strain as a test object. The effect of quenching the luminescence of E. coli was noted both under exposure to UV radiation due to photocatalytic reactions on the surface of g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS leading to the formation of highly oxidative radical ions interacting with cell membranes and without irradiation due to mechanical interactions with bacterial cells. At a 0.3 g/L concentration of g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS in aqueous solution, the toxicity index T reached 75.6% under UV irradiation. In this case, an increase in the toxicity index T of the ternary heterosystem in a test concentration range from 0.1 to 0.3 g/L was 6 or 10–11% under UV radiation or without illumination, respectively, as compared with that of the pure graphite-like carbon nitride obtained under identical conditions