256 research outputs found
Relative motion in spacetime
In Minkowski spacetime, we consider an isolated system made of two pointlike
bodies interacting at a distance, in the nonradiative approximation. Our
framework is the covariant and a priori Hamiltonian formalism of "predictive
relativistic mechanics", founded on the equal-time condition. The issue of an
equivalent one-body description is discussed. We distinguish two different
concepts: on the one hand an almost purely kinematic relative particle, on the
other hand an effective particle which involves an explicit dynamical
formulation; several versions of the latter are possible. Relative and
effective particles have the same orbit, but may differ by their schedules.Comment: 26 pages, no figure. Several inadequacies and various misprints
corrected. An example, an Appendix, one reference added; some obscure points
clarifie
Binding Energy in Two and Three-Body Relativistic Dynamics
Two-body and three-body systems of scalar bosons are considered in the
framework of covariant constraint dynamics. The reduced equation obtained after
eliminating redundant degrees of freedom can be viewed as an eigenvalue
equation for an observable which is intimately related with the relative
motion. We display the connection of this observable with binding energy.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX. Talk presented at the Workshop "Critical Stability
of Few-Body Quantum Systems", Les Houches Oct. 8-12, 200
Covariant Model for Relativistic Three-Body Systems
The system is described by three mass-shell constraints. After a nonlinear
transformation of the momenta, the analytic form taken by admissible
interactions (allowing compatibility) is characterized in terms of the new
variables. These variables mix two-body clusters, which results in
automatically incorporating three-body forces. Two superfluous degrees of
freedom are eliminated, which yields a reduced equation for a wave function
depending on three-dimensional arguments. When at least two masses are equal,
this picture has a reasonable nonrelativistic limit. At first post-Galilean
order and provided the interaction is not too much energy-dependent, the
relativistic correction is tractable like a conventional perturbation problem.
A covariant version of harmonic oscillator is given as a toy model.Comment: Latex without style files: 5 pages. Talk given at "Quark Confinement
and the Hadron Spectrum VI", Villasimius, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. 21-25
September 200
Scalar products of elementary distributions
The field of real numbers being extended as a larger commutative field, we
investigate the possibility of defining a scalar product for the distributions
of finite discrete support. Then we focus on the most simple possible extension
(which is an ordered field), we provide explicit formulas for this scalar
product, and we exhibit a structure of positive definite inner-product space.
In a one-dimensional application to the Schroedinger equation, the
distributions supported by the origin are embedded into a bra-ket vector space,
where the "singular" potential describing point interaction is defined in a
natural way. A contact with the hyperreal numbers that arise in nonstandard
analysis is possible but not essential, our extensions of and
being obtained by a quite elementary method.Comment: 27 page
Direct Interactions in Relativistic Statistical Mechanics
Directly interacting particles are considered in the multitime formalism of
predictive relativistic mechanics. When the equations of motion leave a
phase-space volume invariant, it turns out that the phase average of any first
integral, covariantly defined as a flux across a -dimensional surface, is
conserved. The Hamiltonian case is discussed, a class of simple models is
exhibited, and a tentative definition of equilibrium is proposed.Comment: Plain Tex file, 26 page
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