Enfants et relations internationales : chantiers de recherche

Tout comme les femmes ont été pendant longtemps des oubliées de l’histoire des relations internationales – parce qu’elles n’étaient pas en mesure de jouer les rôles de « l’homme d’État » – les enfants ont été peu étudiés, bien qu’ils soient des protagonistes, certes passifs mais porteurs d’enjeux importants dans les relations internationales contemporaines.Depuis les années 1970, l’histoire des relations internationales s’est en quelque sorte globalisée en intégrant des thématiques nouvelles, dont, assez récemment, celles de l’enfance et des enfants. De leur côté, les historiens de l’enfance et de la jeunesse se sont lancés au cours de la dernière décennie dans l’exploration de perspectives transnationales et globales visant à dépasser le nationalisme méthodologique qui prévalait de façon massive dans les travaux consacrés à la genèse des politiques publiques de l’enfance

Aminopyrazine Inhibitors Binding to an Unusual Inactive Conformation of the Mitotic Kinase Nek2: SAR and Structural Characterization†

We report herein the first systematic exploration of inhibitors of the mitotic kinase Nek2. Starting from HTS hit aminopyrazine 2, compounds with improved activity were identified using structure-based design. Our structural biology investigations reveal two notable observations. First, 2 and related compounds bind to an unusual, inactive conformation of the kinase which to the best of our knowledge has not been reported for other types of kinase inhibitors. Second, a phenylalanine residue at the center of the ATP pocket strongly affects the ability of the inhibitor to bind to the protein. The implications of these observations are discussed, and the work described here defines key features for potent and selective Nek2 inhibition, which will aid the identification of more advanced inhibitors of Nek2

Making land-use fit to planning goals. Weaknesses and opportunities within the Swiss land management regime

In Switzerland, the issue of land consumption has made it to the front of the political agenda in recent years. Studies conducted on a national level have concluded that there is an excess of land zoned for construction (ARE, 2008), which is seen as contributing to urban sprawl. This situation is looked upon as a failure of the Federal Law on Spatial Planning (LAT, 1979) and there is a political push to change it in order to reinforce zoning regulations. In this article, we look on the issue from a different angle. While there may be large quantities of land zoned for construction, in many urban areas land actually available for development is scarce. Building on the idea that planning's efficiency is linked to its capacity of influencing actual land-use, we focus on how this situation can be dealt with within the current Swiss institutional context

Energetic aspects of the light activation of two chloroplast enzymes: fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase

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