Rhabdomyolysis attenuates activity of semicarbazide sensitive amine oxidase as the marker of nephropathy in diabetic rats

Amine oxidases are involved in the progression of many diseases and their complications, including renal failure, due to the generation of the three toxic metabolites (H2O2, aldehydes, and ammonia) in the course of biogenic amines oxidative deamination. The participation of the first two products in kidney pathogenesis was confirmed, whereas the role of ammonia as a potential inducer of the nitrozative stress is not yet understood. The aim of the present study was to test how further intensification of oxidative stress would affect diabetes-mediated metabolic changes. For this purpose, a rat model of glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis, as a source of powerful oxidative stress due to the release of labile Fe3+ from ruptured myocytes, on the background of streptozotocin-induced diabetes was used. The experimental animal groups were as follows: group 1 – ‘Control’, group 2 – ‘Diabetes’, group 3 – ‘Diabetes + rhabdomyolysis’. A multifold increase in semicarbazide sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in the kidney and blood, free radicals (FR), MetHb and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels in the blood, as well as the emergence of HbNO in plasma and dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) in the liver of animals in group 2 as compared to control were revealed. An additional increase in FR, HbNO levels in the blood, and DNICs in the liver of animals in the diabetes + rhabdomyolysis group as compared to the diabetes group, which correlated with the appearance of a large amount of Fe3+ in the blood of group 3 animals, was detected. Unexpectedly, we observed the positive regulatory effects in animals of the diabetes + rhabdomyolysis group, in particular, a decreased SSAO activity in the kidney and 3-NT level in plasma, as well as the normalization of activity of pro- and antioxidant enzymes in the blood and liver compared to animals of diabetes group. These consequences mediated by rhabdomyolysis may be the result of NO exclusion from the circulation due to the excessive formation of NO stable complexes in the blood and liver. The data obtained allow us to consider SSAO activity as a marker of renal failure in diabetes mellitus. In addition, we suggest a significant role of nitrosative stress in the development of pathology, and, therefore, recommend NO-traps in the complex treatment of diabetic complications

Shortterm and long-term results of bimammary bypass surgery in patients with multivessel coronary disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus after propensity score matching

Background. Among patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), the proportion of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is about 40 %. To date, the problem of choosing the optimal method of surgical myocardial revascularization, which can provide the best result in this cohort, remains completely unresolved. The aim of the study. To assess the in-hospital and long-term results of bimammary and traditional bypass surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. From September 2018 to December 2021, 176 CABG surgeries were performed in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes at the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (Krasnoyarsk). Group 1 (n = 45) included patients who underwent myocardial revascularization using two mammary arteries; group 2 (n = 131) included patients who underwent myocardial revascularization using traditional technique. After propensity score matching, 45 patients were selected into each group, comparable by basic preoperative characteristics. Results. In group  1, cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries were performed in 23 (51.1 %) patients (group 1CPB), off-pump surgeries – in 22 (58.2 %) (group 1OP); in group  2, all patients underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries. Hospital mortality was recorded in group 2 in 1 (2.2 %) case. Deep sternal infection developed in 1 (4.5 %) patient in group 1OP. Long-term survival in group 2 was 85.3 %, in group 1CPB – 83.3 % (p = 0.689), in group 1OP – 84.2 % (p = 0.739). 84.2 % of patients in group 2 and 100 % in groups 1CPB and 1OP had no cardiovascular events (p = 0.144 and p = 0.145, respectively). Conclusion. Bimammary bypass surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes is a safe and effective method of surgical treatment of coronary artery disease in both shortand long-term period and may be the operation of choice in patients with multivessel disease. There were no differences in patient survival up to 45 months; bimammary revascularization was associated with 100 % absence of cardiac mortality

Электрохимическое оборудование нового поколения: возможности и перспективы использования

The article presents new generation of the electrochemical equipment realizing technologies with controllable potential. The basic differences and advantages of electrochemical complex before the existing equipment are given. Examples of application electrochemical complex in technology of rare and platinum metals are given.В статье представлены основные предпосылки для создания нового поколения электрохимического оборудования, реализующего технологии с контролируемым потенциалом, приведены основные отличия и преимущества перед существующим оборудованием. Даны примеры, иллюстри- рующие возможности применения электрохимического комплекса в техно- логии редких и платиновых металлов

Исследование процесса анодного растворения никеля

Work concerns studying process of electrochemical dissolution of the nickel besieged from waste solutions by an electrochemical way. The  influence of key parameters of technological process - potential, temperature, pH, speed of a channel of electrolyte, structure of electrolyte on process of dissolution of nickel are determined.Работа касается изучения процесса электрохимического растворения никеля, осажденного из промвод электрохимическим способом. В работе определено влияние основных параметров технологического процесса - потенциала, температуры, pH раствора, скорости протока электролита, состава электролита на процесс растворения никеля

Cardiac tumors: analysis of surgical treatment

Aim. To analyze the preoperative status, intraoperative tumor characteristics and further clinical manifestations in patients after surgery for a cardiac tumor.Material and methods. The study included 54 patients who were operated on for a heart tumor from 2014 to 2020. We assessed clinical performance, diagnostic investigations before and after (during hospitalization) surgery, tumor size and histological characteristics.Results. Among patients operated on for cardiac tumors, women predominated (74%). Among comorbidities, hypertension (79,3%), chronic kidney disease (48,3%), and obesity (25,9%) were most common. There were following clinical manifestations before surgery: shortness of breath — 47 (81%) patients, palpitations and heart rhythm disturbance — 26 (44,8%), chest pain — 25 (43,1%), chest discomfort — 28 (49,1%), edema — 6 patients (10,3%). The predominant tumor localization was the left atrial fossa ovalis area (50%). According to histological analysis, myxoma prevailed — 38 cases (86,4%). After surgery, atrial fibrillation prevalence decreased from 8 patients before surgery to 6 after surgery (p=0,034), while left atrial size decreased by 0,6 mm (95% confidence interval, 4,39-6,2 mm) (p<0,001).Conclusion. According to presented analysis over a 6-year period, cardiac neoplasms are more common in women (74,1%), while the mean age of patients is 59,7 years. Among comorbidities, hypertension prevails — 79,3%. Histological examination revealed a predominance of myxoma (86,4%). Predominant tumor location was the left atrial fossa ovalis area (50%). Surgical treatment of neoplasms was effective. So, prevalence of atrial fibrillation decreased by 25%, while left atrial size decreased by 0,6 mm. Postoperative complications and in-hospital deaths were not registered

ВЛИЯНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ТЕРМООБРАБОТКИ МАЛОВОДНЫХ ГИДРОКСИДОВ НИОБИЯ И ТАНТАЛА НА ФАЗОВЫЙ И ГРАНУЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВЫ ПРОДУКТОВ ТЕРМОЛИЗА

The work presents the results of investigations of physico-chemical properties of low hydrated hydroxides of niobium and tantalum – precursors for obtaining niobium and tantalum pentoxides with ordered phase and granulometric compositionsВ работе представлены результаты исследований физико-химических свойств маловодных гидроксидов ниобия и тантала - предшественников для получения пентаоксидов ниобия и тантала с заданным фазовым и гранулометрическими составами

МУЛЬТИСПИРАЛЬНАЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ПАТОЛОГИИ ДУГИ АОРТЫ И АНОМАЛИЙ БРАХИОЦЕФАЛЬНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ У ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ

Aortic malformations often cause critical states in the neonatal period. MSCT method allows you to get a detailed understanding of the anatomy of vice and identify concomitant bronchopulmonary disease. This paper presents a comparative analysis of 27 patients of the first year of life with the pathology of the aortic arch, which were performed echocardiography and MSCT. After analysis of both research methods in 4 patients revealed a discrepancy echocardiography and MSCT data which led to a change in surgical approach. Just according to SITC 2 patients revealed tracheal stenosis, in one case, isolated, in another due to compression of the vascular ring. MSCT is a highly informative method for diagnosing pathology of the aortic arch and associated bronchopulmonary disease in children in the first year of life.Пороки развития аорты зачастую являются причиной критических состояний в неонатальном периоде. Метод МСКТ позволяет получить детальное представление об анатомии порока и выявить сопутствующую бронхолегочную патологию. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ данных 27 пациентов первого года жизни с патологией дуги аорты, которым была выполнена ЭхоКГ и МСКТ. После анализа обоих методов исследования у 4 пациентов выявлено несоответствие данных ЭхоКГ и МСКТ, что привело к изменению хирургической тактики. Также по данным МСТК, у 2 пациентов выявлен стеноз трахеи, в одном случае - изолированный, в другом - за счет сдавления сосудистым кольцом. МСКТ является высокоинформативным методом диагностики патологии дуги аорты и сопутствующей бронхолегочной патологии у детей первого года жизни

Новое поколение материалов на основе редких элементов

The overview discloses the results of development of synthetic methods and investigation of physico-chemical properties (structure, thermal, thermodynamic, electrophysical and catalytic characteristics) of a wide range of materials based on less-common elements. These involve materials prospective for application in computer memory, superionic conductors of NASICON-type phases, substrates for HTSC-films of various composition. The results of directed search and chemical design of precursors (soft chemistry routs) for fabrication of ferroelectrics, alloys and mixtures based on refractory metals of V-VII Groups in nano-dispersed state, solid solutions based on corresponding oxides and complex oxide phases are concernedОбзор посвящен описанию результатов разработки методов синтеза и исследования физико- химических свойств (строение, термические и термодинамические свойства, электрофизические и каталитические характеристики) широкого круга материалов на основе редких элементов. В рассмотрение вовлечены материалы, перспективные для использования в запоминающих устройствах ЭВМ (алюмоиттриевые гранаты, легированные иттербием и неодимом), суперионные проводники, относящиеся к группе NASICON-подобных фаз, подложки для ВТСП-пленок различного состава. Обобщены результаты направленного поиска и химического конструирования прекурсо- ров (методов «мягкой» химии) для получения сегнетоэлектриков, сплавов и лигатур на основе тугоплавких металлов V-VII групп в наноразмерном состоянии, твердых растворов на основе соответствующих оксидов, сложно- оксидных фаз