Komparativna analiza zavjetnih spomenika s područja Liburna i Delmata

Tema ovog rada je komparativna analiza zavjetnih spomenika s područja rasprostiranja zajednica Liburna i Delmata. Cilj je proučiti zavjetne spomenike, kao i zastupljenost pojedinih božanstava, njihov sinkretizam s rimskim i grčkim božanstvima koji upućuje na sam proces romanizacije te integraciju stranog stanovništva s autohtonim te tim podacima dobiti sliku socijalne i duhovne kulture tog područja u antici. Glavni interes ovog rada su zavjetni spomenicim posvećeni autohtonim i stranim božanstvima. Geografsko područje koje je obuhvaćeno ovim radom odnosi se na prostor Liburna uokviren rijekama Krkom, Rašom i Zrmanjom te prostor Delmata ograničen na područje Gornje Cetine, Ridita te Duvanjskog, Livanjskog i Glamočkog polja. Razlog ograničavanju teritorija Delmata je praktične prirode: geografske cjeline kao što su Gornji tok Cetine, zajedno sa Sinjem i Triljem te Riderom i ta tri polja, kao središta autohtonih Delmata pružaju odličan ikonografski uvid u prirodu zavjetnih spomenika Delmata te njihove geografske različitosti. Na prostoru Gornjeg toka Cetine i Ridita vidljiva je tranzicijska ikonografija, najviše utječena romanizacijom, a u zaleđu Dinare je sačuvana veća autohtonost. Temelj rada je katalog u kojem je sakupljeno 357 spomenika putem raznih objava te epigrafskih baza. Međutim, velika većina spomenika obuhvaćena je ovim radom u cilju stvaranja statističkih podataka koji nude širu kultnu, ekonomsku i društvenu sliku spomenutih područja

Study of paleodiet from the context of the rotunde church in Bribirska Glavica, Croatia

This work focuses on the study of paleodiet of selected burials and fauna from Bribirska Glavica, Croatia via stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. Carbon stable isotopes in bone collagen can distinguish between two types of plants (C3 and C4) whilst nitrogen isotopic composition gives an estimation of the trophic levels and the amount of protein consumed. The results are compared to several factors such as the burial context, health, time period, social status, trauma, sex and age. An attempt was made to understand the impact of these factors on stable isotopic values and, hence, the choice of diet, contextualising the results within known historical and archaeological data. This research is compared to the study done on the area of Ravni Kotari, geographical area where Bribirska Glavica is situated, extending the paleo-dietary data range to Late Medieval period in the hinterland of Dalmatia; RESUMO: (Estudo da dieta paleo no context da “rotunda” igreja em Bribirska Glavica, Croácia) O presente trabalho foca-se no estudo em paleodieta, realizado em ossos humanos e animais selecionados de um sitio arqueológico em Bribirska Glavica (Croácia), através do estudo dos seus isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogénio. Os isótopos estáveis de carbono presentes no colagénio dos ossos permite distinguir entre 2 tipos de plantas (C3 e C4) ao passo que a composição isotópica de nitrogénio fornece uma estimativa dos níveis tróficos e na quantidade de proteína consumida. Os resultados têm em consideração diversos fatores tais como o próprio contexto funerário, a saúde dos indivíduos, o período de tempo, o estatuto social, trauma, sexo e idade. Uma tentativa para a compreensão do impacto destes fatores nos valores dos isótopos estáveis e a escolha da própria dieta foi realizada, contextualizando desta forma os resultados obtidos com dados históricos e arqueológicos já conhecidos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho de investigação são ainda comparados com um estudo prévio realizado na área de Ravni Kotari, área geográfica onde se situa Bribirska Glavica, estendendo desta forma o intervalo de dados em paleodieta até ao período medieval tardio na região da Dalmácia

Blind dates:Exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands

The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Challenges in identifying domesticated animals among the faunal remains, inconsistent excavation documentation, and flawed radiocarbon analysis have resulted in questionable chronologies. This paper examines the available radiocarbon evidence from selected sites which are the mainstay of early examples of domesticated animals in the Netherlands, between 5000 and 4000 BCE.1 We approach the legacy data in two ways: by employing principles of chronometric hygiene to reassess the radiocarbon datasets of selected sites and by exploring the use of such data for future studies in chronology by means of Bayesian chronological modelling. The latter is demonstrated with a case study, whereby we employ legacy data from Hardinxveld-Giessendam De Bruin in Bayesian models to demonstrate that, despite their shortcomings, such dates remain a valuable resource for much needed future chronological analysis

High-resolution Bayesian chronology of the earliest evidence of domesticated animals in the Dutch wetlands (Hardinxveld-Giessendam archaeological sites)

The archaeological sites of Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin and Polderweg, situated in the Rhine-Meuse delta, are the best-preserved Mesolithic sites in the Netherlands. Due to the early appearance of domesticated animals in their faunal assemblage, they are also integral to the research of the emergence of animal husbandry in the region. This study focuses on the precise chronology of the sites, using radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling of both newly acquired and legacy radiocarbon dates. To mitigate the risk of erroneous dates, we dated the bone collagen of 26 herbivorous and one aquatic mammals from clear archaeological contexts and discovered that the most recent occupational phases at both sites are several centuries younger than previously thought. This is consistent with material evidence of lifestyle changes in the final phase at Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin, which is now, according to our chronology, contemporaneous with the similar patterns produced in the region

Going against the grain?:The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)

In general, the fifth millennium BCE in the Dutch wetlands and southern Scandinavia might be described in similar terms regarding the presence of ceramic hunter-gatherers who evidently had contacts of some kind with central European farming communities. Whereas the end of this millennium saw a relatively swift transition to farming in southern Scandinavia, the Dutch wetlands seem to have taken a different route. Here, the dominant opinion is that of a gradual and earlier start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation, albeit of a limited economic importance. This contribution will question the Dutch datasetand discuss new data on the use of ceramics and the date and scale of the start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation. We conclude that the transition to farming (cereal cultivation and animal husbandry) occurred around 4200 BCE, predating the transition to farming in the UK and southern Scandinavia

Going against the grain?:The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)

In general, the fifth millennium BCE in the Dutch wetlands and southern Scandinavia might be described in similar terms regarding the presence of ceramic hunter-gatherers who evidently had contacts of some kind with central European farming communities. Whereas the end of this millennium saw a relatively swift transition to farming in southern Scandinavia, the Dutch wetlands seem to have taken a different route. Here, the dominant opinion is that of a gradual and earlier start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation, albeit of a limited economic importance. This contribution will question the Dutch datasetand discuss new data on the use of ceramics and the date and scale of the start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation. We conclude that the transition to farming (cereal cultivation and animal husbandry) occurred around 4200 BCE, predating the transition to farming in the UK and southern Scandinavia

Going against the grain?:The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)

In general, the fifth millennium BCE in the Dutch wetlands and southern Scandinavia might be described in similar terms regarding the presence of ceramic hunter-gatherers who evidently had contacts of some kind with central European farming communities. Whereas the end of this millennium saw a relatively swift transition to farming in southern Scandinavia, the Dutch wetlands seem to have taken a different route. Here, the dominant opinion is that of a gradual and earlier start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation, albeit of a limited economic importance. This contribution will question the Dutch datasetand discuss new data on the use of ceramics and the date and scale of the start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation. We conclude that the transition to farming (cereal cultivation and animal husbandry) occurred around 4200 BCE, predating the transition to farming in the UK and southern Scandinavia

Going against the grain?:The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)

In general, the fifth millennium BCE in the Dutch wetlands and southern Scandinavia might be described in similar terms regarding the presence of ceramic hunter-gatherers who evidently had contacts of some kind with central European farming communities. Whereas the end of this millennium saw a relatively swift transition to farming in southern Scandinavia, the Dutch wetlands seem to have taken a different route. Here, the dominant opinion is that of a gradual and earlier start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation, albeit of a limited economic importance. This contribution will question the Dutch datasetand discuss new data on the use of ceramics and the date and scale of the start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation. We conclude that the transition to farming (cereal cultivation and animal husbandry) occurred around 4200 BCE, predating the transition to farming in the UK and southern Scandinavia

Going against the grain?:The transition to farming in the Dutch wetlands re-examined (5000–4000 BCE)

In general, the fifth millennium BCE in the Dutch wetlands and southern Scandinavia might be described in similar terms regarding the presence of ceramic hunter-gatherers who evidently had contacts of some kind with central European farming communities. Whereas the end of this millennium saw a relatively swift transition to farming in southern Scandinavia, the Dutch wetlands seem to have taken a different route. Here, the dominant opinion is that of a gradual and earlier start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation, albeit of a limited economic importance. This contribution will question the Dutch datasetand discuss new data on the use of ceramics and the date and scale of the start of animal husbandry and cereal cultivation. We conclude that the transition to farming (cereal cultivation and animal husbandry) occurred around 4200 BCE, predating the transition to farming in the UK and southern Scandinavia