Caiman Lizards in the Wild

This is where the abstract of this record would appear. This is only demonstration data

Central American Banded Geckos in Captivity

This is where the abstract of this record would appear. This is only demonstration data

Mercury flux to sediments of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2009. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 210 (2010): 399-407, doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0262-y.We report estimates of mercury (Hg) flux to the sediments of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada: 2 and 15-20 µg/m2/yr in preindustrial and modern sediments, respectively. These values result in a modern to preindustrial flux ratio of 7.5-10, which is similar to flux ratios recently reported for other alpine lakes in California, and greater than the value of 3 typically seen worldwide. We offer plausible hypotheses to explain the high flux ratios, including (1) proportionally less photoreduction and evasion of Hg with the onset of cultural eutrophication and (2) a combination of enhanced regional oxidation of gaseous elemental Hg and transport of the resulting reactive gaseous Hg to the surface with nightly downslope flows of air. If either of these mechanisms is correct, it could lead to local/regional solutions to lessen the impact of globally increasing anthropogenic emissions of Hg on Lake Tahoe and other alpine ecosystems.Funding was provided by Miami University, EPA-STAR, the Postdoctoral Scholar Program at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the USGS

Caiman Lizards in the Wild

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Central American Banded Geckos in Captivity

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Post-collisional collapse in the wake of migrating arc-continent collision in the Ilan Basin, Taiwan

The Ilan Basin of northern Taiwan forms the western limit of the Okinawa Trough, where the trough meets the compressional ranges of central Taiwan. Apatite fi ssiontrack ages of 1.2 ± 0.5 Ma and 3.5 ± 0.5 Ma, measured north and south of the basin, respectively, indicate faster exhumation rates in the Hsüehshan Range to the north (\u3e1.6 mm/yr) than in the Backbone Range to the south (0.7 mm/yr). Reconstructed subsidence rates along the northern basin margin are also faster than in the south (6-7 compared with 3-5 mm/yr). Global positioning system (GPS) and active seismological data indicate motion of the southern basin margin to the east and southeast. We propose that the Ilan Basin is being formed as a result of extension of northern Taiwan, largely controlled by a major southeast-dipping fault, modeled at ̃30° dip, and mapped as a continuation of the Lishan Fault, a major thrust structure in the Central Ranges. Flexural rigidity of the lithosphere under the basin is low, with elastic thickness ̃3 km. A southwest-migrating collision between the Luzon Arc and southern China, accompanied by subduction polarity reversal in the Ryukyu Trench, has allowed crustal blocks that were previously held in compression between the Eurasian and Philippine Sea plates to move trenchward as they reach the northern end of the collision zone. Subduction polarity reversal permits rapid extension and formation of the Ilan Basin and presumably, at least, the western Okinawa Trough, as a direct consequence of arc-continent collision, not because of independent trench rollback forces. This conceptual model suggests that migrating arc-continent collision causes the rapid formation of deep marginal basins that are then fi lled by detritus from the adjacent orogen, and that these should be common features in the geologic record. © 2008 The Geological Society of America

Identification of disease-causing variants by comprehensive genetic testing with exome sequencing in adults with suspicion of hereditary FSGS.

In about 30% of infantile, juvenile, or adolescent patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), a monogenic cause can be identified. The histological finding in SRNS is often focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Genetic data on adult patients are scarce with low diagnostic yields. Exome sequencing (ES) was performed in patients with adult disease onset and a high likelihood for hereditary FSGS. A high likelihood was defined if at least one of the following criteria was present: absence of a secondary cause, <= 25 years of age at initial manifestation, kidney biopsy with suspicion of a hereditary cause, extrarenal manifestations, and/or positive familial history/reported consanguinity. Patients were excluded if age at disease onset was <18 years. In 7/24 index patients with adult disease onset, a disease-causing variant could be identified by ES leading to a diagnostic yield of 29%. Eight different variants were identified in six known genes associated with monogenic kidney diseases. Six of these variants had been described before as disease-causing. In patients with a disease-causing variant, the median age at disease onset and end-stage renal disease was 26 and 38 years, respectively. The overall median time to a definite genetic diagnosis was 9 years. In 29% of patients with adult disease onset and suspected hereditary FSGS, a monogenic cause could be identified. The long delay up to the definite genetic diagnosis highlights the importance of obtaining an early genetic diagnosis to allow for personalized treatment options including weaning of immunosuppressive treatment, avoidance of repeated renal biopsy, and provision of accurate genetic counseling