Understanding personal data as a space - learning from dataspaces to create linked personal data

In this paper we argue that the space of personal data is a dataspace as defined by Franklin et al. We define a personal dataspace, as the space of all personal data belonging to a user, and we describe the logical components of the dataspace. We describe a Personal Dataspace Support Platform (PDSP) as a set of services to provide a unified view over the user’s data, and to enable new and more complex workflows over it. We show the differences from a DSSP to a PDSP, and how the latter can be realized using Web protocols and Linked APIs.<br/

A-posteriori provenance-enabled linking of publications and datasets via crowdsourcing

This paper aims to share with the digital library community different opportunities to leverage crowdsourcing for a-posteriori capturing of dataset citation graphs. We describe a practical approach, which exploits one possible crowdsourcing technique to collect these graphs from domain experts and proposes their publication as Linked Data using the W3C PROV standard. Based on our findings from a study we ran during the USEWOD 2014 workshop, we propose a semi-automatic approach that generates metadata by leveraging information extraction as an additional step to crowdsourcing, to generate high-quality data citation graphs. Furthermore, we consider the design implications on our crowdsourcing approach when non-expert participants are involved in the process<br/

Collaborative Cartography: Creating an Asset Map for Student and Community Success

In this workshop participants will learn key steps in creating campus and community asset maps to help discover areas of strength in communities, including resources and various supports. The workshop will address the following: (1) defining the purpose and audience of the map; (2) creating a shared controlled vocabulary across departments and/or disciplines; (3) choosing the appropriate mapping software; and (4) the process of sharing data with the wider world. Learn from our experience in bringing campus and community projects together with the library to create maps that serve multiple purposes, including interactive databases of campus resources and supports, and data analysis platforms to conduct needs based assessments. Rhode Island College’s Learning for Life (L4L) is a project at RIC that links students to a wide range of services, supports, and opportunities for college success. Rhode Island College and the Central Falls School District are partners in The Central Falls/Rhode Island College Innovation Lab (the Innovation Lab). This unique, first-in-the-nation collaboration has the potential to provide a PK-12 and post-secondary urban education model that offers a new paradigm for state and national replication. With the metadata and information management knowledge of the library, we created maps for each project, L4L and the Innovation Lab, built on shared mission, strong collaboration and a focus on leveraging our resources to best serve our students across campus

The effect of video games, exergames and board games on executive functions in kindergarten and 2nd grade: An explorative longitudinal study

We examined the relation between different kinds of play behavior (video games, exergames, board games) in kindergarten (T1) and components of executive function (EF; inhibition, switching, verbal and visuospatial updating) in kindergarten and second grade (T1 and T2). Ninety-seven children participated in this longitudinal study. Parents were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding children's play behavior, reporting frequency, duration, and game type. The results indicate that play behavior is associated with EF development in children; however, only exergames, electronic puzzle games, and board games predicted EF at T2. Additionally, the time spent on electronic games was negatively related to visuospatial updating at T1 but did not predict EF at T2. The results support further investigation of a potential link between board game and exergame play behavior and EF development

Risk-optimized proton therapy to minimize radiogenic second cancers

Proton therapy confers substantially lower predicted risk of second cancer compared with photon therapy. However, no previous studies have used an algorithmic approach to optimize beam angle or fluence-modulation for proton therapy to minimize those risks. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate the feasibility of risk-optimized proton therapy and to determine the combination of beam angles and fluence weights that minimizes the risk of second cancer in the bladder and rectum for a prostate cancer patient. We used 6 risk models to predict excess relative risk of second cancer. Treatment planning utilized a combination of a commercial treatment planning system and an in-house risk-optimization algorithm. When normal-tissue dose constraints were incorporated in treatment planning, the risk model that incorporated the effects of fractionation, initiation, inactivation, repopulation and promotion selected a combination of anterior and lateral beams, which lowered the relative risk by 21% for the bladder and 30% for the rectum compared to the lateral-opposed beam arrangement. Other results were found for other risk models

Conversion from off-pump to on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: impact of surgeon and anaesthetist experience

OBJECTIVES Intraoperative conversion from off-pump to on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of surgeon and anaesthetist experience on the conversion rate. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the data of all patients who underwent planned off-pump CABG in a single centre in 2007-2021, some of whom were non-electively converted to on-pump. Surgeon and anaesthetist experience were assessed by the number of off-pump bypass procedures per year. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of surgeon and anaesthetist experience on conversion rate. RESULTS A total of 2742 patients met the inclusion criteria. Ninety-four (3.4%) patients underwent non-elective conversion to on-pump surgery. Converted patients had significantly higher mortality [11 (11.7%) vs 35 (1.3%), P < 0.0001] in comparison to non-converted patients. Anaesthetist experience was found to be a risk factor for conversion (P = 0.011). Surgeon experience did not significantly affect conversion rate (P = 0.51). Other risk factors for conversion were female gender [odds ratio 2.65 (95% confidence interval 1.65-4.26), P = 0.0001] and left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35% [odds ratio 1.91 (95% confidence interval 1.05-3.49), P = 0.040]. CONCLUSIONS Conversion from off-pump to on-pump CABG is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Limited experience of anaesthetists in off-pump bypass surgery is associated with a higher conversion rate

Benchmark measurements and simulations of dose perturbations due to metallic spheres in proton beams

Monte Carlo simulations are increasingly used for dose calculations in proton therapy due to its inherent accuracy. However, dosimetric deviations have been found using Monte Carlo code when high density materials are present in the proton beamline. The purpose of this work was to quantify the magnitude of dose perturbation caused by metal objects. We did this by comparing measurements and Monte Carlo predictions of dose perturbations caused by the presence of small metal spheres in several clinical proton therapy beams as functions of proton beam range and drift space. Monte Carlo codes MCNPX, GEANT4 and Fast Dose Calculator (FDC) were used. Generally good agreement was found between measurements and Monte Carlo predictions, with the average difference within 5% and maximum difference within 17%. The modification of multiple Coulomb scattering model in MCNPX code yielded improvement in accuracy and provided the best overall agreement with measurements. Our results confirmed that Monte Carlo codes are well suited for predicting multiple Coulomb scattering in proton therapy beams when short drift spaces are involved. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Social Palimpsests - clouding the lens of the personal panopticon

The use of personal data has incredible potential to benefit both society and individuals, through increased understanding of behaviour, communication and support for emerging forms of socialisation and connectedness. However, there are risks associated with disclosing personal information, and present systems show a systematic asymmetry between the subjects of the data and those who control and manage the way that data is propagated and used. This leads to a tension between a desire to engage with online society and enjoy its benefits on one hand, and a distrust of those with whom the data is shared on the other. In this chapter, we explore a set of obfuscation techniques which may help to redress the balance of power when sharing personal data, and return agency and choice to users of online services