Chest pain in the course of multiple myeloma - a clinical case study

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare blood cell proliferative disease characterized by the accumulation and proliferation of monoclonal plasmocytes. Clinical picture of MM includes bone pain, underlying osteolytic lesions, osteopenia or osteoporosis that often lead to pathological fractures. Aim: To draw attention to the unusual cause of chest pain and the holistic approach to analgesic therapy in patients with MM. Case report: A clinical case of a 66-year-old patient with chest pain intensified when moving and deep breathing was presented and cardiological and gastroenterological reasons were excluded. Initially, non-steroidal analgesics and weak opioids were used in the treatment with good effect, however, as time was passing the pain symptoms progressed. Diagnostic imaging was complemented by computed tomography which revealed massive destructive changes within the ribs with the presence of soft tissue masses infiltrating adjacent muscles. Based on additional tests, the patient was diagnosed with MM. Optimization of analgesic therapy has brought permanent pain relief and improved his quality of life. Summary: The modern approach to anelgesia in patients with MM includes not only the use of analgesics, but also radiotherapy, bisphosphonates/zoledronic acid, orthopaedic treatment and chemotherapy

A general design platform for ionic liquid ions based on bridged multi-heterocycles with flexible symmetry and charge

A conceptual design platform for new ionic liquids with variable heterocycles, bridges, symmetry, and charge was developed using simple alkylation, click, and ionic liquid chemistries and demonstrated with 1-(2-(5-tetrazolidyl)ethyl)-3-(5-1H-tetrazolyl)methylimidazolium and its conversion into room-temperatureionic liquids as cation or as anion

Does Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution Affect Gestational Age and Newborn Weight?—A Systematic Review

Current evidence suggests that airborne pollutants have a detrimental effect on fetal growth through the emergence of small for gestational age (SGA) or term low birth weight (TLBW). The study’s objective was to critically evaluate the available literature on the association between environmental pollution and the incidence of SGA or TLBW occurrence. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodology adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO with ID number: CRD42022329624. As a result, 69 selected papers described the influence of environmental pollutants on SGA and TLBW occurrence with an Odds Ratios (ORs) of 1.138 for particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), 1.338 for particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), 1.173 for ozone (O3), 1.287 for sulfur dioxide (SO2), and 1.226 for carbon monoxide (CO). All eight studies analyzed validated that exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a risk factor for SGA or TLBW. Pregnant women in the high-risk group of SGA occurrence, i.e., those living in urban areas or close to sources of pollution, are at an increased risk of complications. Understanding the exact exposure time of pregnant women could help improve prenatal care and timely intervention for fetuses with SGA. Nevertheless, the pervasive air pollution underscored in our findings suggests a pressing need for adaptive measures in everyday life to mitigate worldwide environmental pollution