The assessment of safe nursing care: development and psychometric evaluation

Aim To develop an instrument for the assessment of safe nursing care (ASNC) within the Iranian context and psychometrically evaluate its reliability and validity. Background There is a need for a valid and reliable instrument to assess how nurses employ the components of safe nursing care in clinical practice in non- Western countries. Method This methodological study was conducted in two phases: (1) a qualitative phase of instrument development, and (2) a quantitative phase of psychometric evaluation of the assessment of safe nursing care (ASNC). The instrument’s content validity was assessed by experts in the field of safe nursing care. The reliability of this instrument was examined using internal consistency reliability and intra-rater reliability analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was then conducted to establish the instrument’s initial construct validity. Results The instrument developed was a questionnaire with 32 items. The Cronbach’s alpha of the scale was 0.92, and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient for intra-rater reliability was 0.78. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a four-factor solution: (1) evaluation of nursing skills, (2) assessing the patient’s psychological needs, (3) assessing the patient’s physical need, and (4) Assessing nurses’ teamwork. The four factors accounted for 63.54% of the observed variance. Conclusion The ASNC can be applied to a wide variety of settings because of the broad range of methods utilised to generate items and domains, its comprehensive consideration of the principles of safe care, and its initial reliability and validity. Implications for nursing management The ASNC can help nurse managers assess whether clinical nurses are prepared to apply their safe care skills in clinical practice. It can also be used by clinical nurses to assess their own and peers’ practice to detect potential areas for improvement in nursing care and help nurse managers with planning appropriate quality improvement programmes. Keywords: assessment, instrument, nurse manager, patient safety, psychometric evaluation, safe car

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence Training via Psychodrama Method on Emotional Reactions of MS Patients

MS is a chronic progressive disease of central nerve system that accompanies with debilitating symptoms and side effects. Training and appropriate intervention such as emotional intelligence training improves the quality of life in these patients. The purpose of the this study is to determine the effect of emotional intelligence training via psychodrama method on the emotional reactions (stress, anxiety and depression) and different dimensions of emotional intelligence on patients diagnosed with MS disease. The present research is a pre - post design with only one group. In this research the total number of 22 people was studied. Patients were selected by purposive sampling method from among the patients who referred to Kordestan MS association. The data gathering instrument was a 3-section questionnaire. The first section included demographic variables, the second section was DASS-21 and the third section included Bar-on emotional intelligence. The intervention contained of 20 training sessions each lasting 2 hours. The questionnaire was filled out by the patients before and after the intervention. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methodologies were used. Statistical paired t-test indicated a significant difference in the 3 aspects of emotional reactions and dimensions of emotional intelligence before and after training in the studied cases. Application of emotional intelligence training via psychodrama method on the emotional reactions and different dimensions of emotional intelligence in MS patients was effective. KEYWORDS: Multiple Sclerosis, Emotional Intelligence Training, Psychodrama, Emotional Reaction

Effect of massage therapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

Abstract Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are the most common and most annoying physical side effects of chemotherapy and massage therapy is one method to reduce these effects. However, because these studies were conducted with different designs and have shown different effects on different populations, the objective of this study was to systematically study which has examined the effect of massage therapy on nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy until 2014. Methods: In order to determine the effect of massage therapy techniques on nausea and vomiting in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, all articles on these subjects to 2014, such as Electronic Information CINAHL, British Nursing Index, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, PubMed, SIGLE, Google scholar, CancerLit and site of Chochrane were searched, and finally according to inclusion criteria, 14 articles remained using relevant keywords based on clinical and quasi-experimental trials on nausea and vomiting. The results of all relevant studies were tested by two researchers and based on the checklists of evaluation studies of clinical and quasiexperimental trials and criteria for entry into the study, 6 studies were removed and 8 of them were remained. Conclusion: Only two of the 8 studies did not show significant results regarding the effect of massage therapy on nausea and vomiting in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. 5 studies of 8 studies on women with breast cancer, a study of gynecological cancers and two studies were conducted on other types of cancers. Given that no studies have been conducted on various types of cancer and chemotherapy, therefore, more randomized controlled trials are seems to evaluate and determine the effectiveness of massage therapy. Keywords: "cancer," "nausea," "vomiting" and "massage" Systematic Revie

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence Training via Method Psychodrama on Marital Satisfaction of Patients with MS

MS is a progressive and chronic disease of the central nervous system with symptoms that can be debilitating. Appropriate interventions including Emotional Intelligence Training improve the quality of life MS patients. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of emotional intelligence training through Psycho-Drama methods on marital satisfaction of patients with MS. This study is a one-group, before-after, quasi-experimental study. A total of 22 patients were enrolled in this study. The samples were selected through non-random sampling based on the goal of study among visitors of MS Society, Kurdistan province, Iran. Data collection tool was questionnaires with two sections: 1) demographic information and 2) ENRICH-B marital satisfaction questionnaire including 47 items. Intervention was conducting 20 sessions of 2-hour training. Questionnaires were filled by patients before and after intervention. Methods for data analysis were descriptive statistics (tables of relative frequency distribution, the mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics of paired t test. Paired t test showed a significant difference in total scores of marital satisfaction before and after training sessions (P < 0.05). Finally, we concluded that, designing and applying emotional intelligence training programs via psychodrama method is effective on marital satisfaction in patients with multiple sclerosis. Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, emotional intelligence training, psychodrama, marital satisfactio