Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pyoderma in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Pyoderma is a common dermatological disorder mainly affecting children but can also affect adults. Its prevalence,causative organism, and antibiotic sensitivity pattern may vary from place to place. Therefore, clinical and bacteriological profileof pyoderma in tertiary care hospital of North India was studied. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted from pussamples obtained in the microbiology department over 1 year from patients attending the dermatology outpatient department/inpatient department seeking treatment for pyoderma. Pus swabs were cultured and organisms were identified, and their sensitivitywas tested according to the standard laboratory methods. Results: Out of 100 cases diagnosed with pyoderma, males (61%)outnumbered females (39%). 72% of the cases were diagnosed with primary pyoderma while 28% with secondary pyoderma. 54%of the total samples received were infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus was isolated in 7.4% ofthe all S. aureus isolates obtained. Gram-negative bacilli were detected in 16% of total samples with predominance of Klebsiellapneumoniae (6%). 8% of the samples yielded sterile culture. None of the isolates were ESBL producers. Conclusion: The studygives an indication of changing trends of antibiotic susceptibility patterns in the pathogenic isolates obtained from pyodermaswhich in turn prevents the development of multidrug resistance

Etiology of vaginal infections and antimicrobial resistance pattern of aerobic bacterial isolates in women of reproductive age group attending a tertiary care hospital

Background: The vaginal flora is a complicated environment containing dozens of microbiological species in variable quantities andrelative proportions. Many women with vaginitis may remain undiagnosed and such forms of abnormal vaginal neither considered asnormal nor can be called bacterial vaginosis and are termed as “intermediate flora” and its management probably differs from that ofbacterial vaginosis. It is of crucial importance in pregnant females at risk of preterm delivery. Materials and Methods: Six hundredand ten high vaginal swabs both from indoor and outdoor patients were collected and cultured, and their susceptibility to variousantimicrobials was determined by standard methods. Result: Significant growth was obtained in 357 (58.5%) samples. Amongthe positive samples, 314 were positive for aerobic bacterial isolates, and 43 showed the growth of Candida species. The commonaerobic isolates were Escherichia coli (24.92%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.50%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.52%), Enterococcusspecies (8.40%), and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (6.44%). About two-third of the positive samples (71.0%) were fromoutdoor patients, while one-third (29%) were from indoor patients. The highest frequency of infection was observed at 25-30 yearsfollowed by 31-35 years of age group. The prevalence of aerobic vaginitis cases was higher among nonpregnant compared to pregnantcases. The Gram-positive organisms showed maximum resistance to ampicillin, followed by aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin.The Gram-negative isolates showed maximum resistance to ciprofloxacin followed by ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, gentamicin, andamikacin. Conclusion: The high prevalence of gynecological infections demands that the patients with gynecological symptomsbe investigated thoroughly. As the culture provides, the identification of causative microorganisms, it must invariably be done