From Evidence to Practice: Denosumab in Osteoporosis and Joint Health

Osteoporosis and osteopenia are prevalent conditions in India, particularly among postmenopausal women and the elderly,leading to increased fracture risks and morbidity. Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody, demonstrates superior efficacyover other treatments in reducing fracture risk and enhancing bone mineral density (BMD). Clinical trials highlight itseffectiveness in preventing periprosthetic bone loss, improving implant stability, and mitigating femoral head collapse invarious conditions; combination therapies involving denosumab further amplify BMD gains and reduce fracture risk. Thearticle reviews the efficacy and safety of denosumab in managing osteoporosis, joint replacement therapy, and avascularnecrosis based on a review of clinical evidence and studies. Denosumab emerges as a cornerstone therapy for osteoporosismanagement, offering multifaceted benefits in fracture prevention, joint replacement therapy, and avascular necrosis

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A Comparative Study on the Effect of Different Methods of Recycling Orthodontic Brackets on Shear Bond Strength

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of different methods of recycling stainless steel orthodontic brackets on shear bond strength. Methods. One hundred twenty human premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose were randomly divided into four groups. Standard MBT (0.022″) brackets were bonded on the buccal surface of all samples with light cured adhesive primers using an LED curing unit for 10 seconds. Group I was assigned as control, and the brackets of Group II, Group III, and Group IV were subjected to recycling by flaming, flaming with sandblasting, and flaming with ultrasonic cleaning, respectively. The recycled brackets were rebonded, and final debonding of all brackets was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min and shear bond strength was determined. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and post hoc tests. The adhesive remnant index was evaluated using a stereomicroscope at 10X magnification. Results. The highest shear bond strength was obtained with Group I (10.35 ± 0.46 MPa), followed by Group III (9.36 ± 0.55 MPa) and Group IV (5.97 ± 0.66 MPa), and the least value was obtained with Group II (4.30 ± 0.55 Mpa). Significant differences among the groups were detected by analysis of variance. Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test showed that the shear bond strength of each group was significantly different from one another (p<0.001). Conclusions. Shear bond strength of new brackets was significantly higher than that of the recycled brackets. Among recycled brackets, flaming with sandblasting provided adequate shear bond strength, flaming with ultrasonic cleaning provided a borderline value for clinical use, and flaming alone led to a significantly lower value

Role of National Pressure and Vacuum Metrology in Indian Industrial Growth and Their Global Metrological Equivalence

The pressure and vacuum metrology group of National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has a strong role in metrological research and development in India because of its importance to the nation's economy as well as the constitutional obligation following NPL charter of developing and maintaining national standards of pressure and vacuum measurements. Although, the group is successfully fulfilling its national duties, providing national calibration and measurement services since last 35 years, admittedly still there is lack of awareness, misinformation, and penetration of Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) to the end users, grass root level industries, academician and Govt. laboratories. Occasionally, we are receiving feedbacks of such grey areas of awareness. Therefore, it was considered appropriate to compile the information of all these CMCs, expertise, training potential and available developed technologies in this article. The present paper also describes the summary of some of the results obtained in recent international key comparison exercises which have helped us to improve the quality in pressure metrology with a measure of technical efficiency