Neutron--Antineutron Oscillations at the Surface of Nuclei

We discuss some aspects of possible neutron--antineutron oscillations in nuclei. The phenomenon occurs mostly at the surface of nuclei, and hence {\sl i)} is not very sensitive to medium corrections and {\sl ii)} makes use of the antinucleon-nucleus interaction in a region probed by experiments at CERN.Comment: Contr. Oak Ridge Workshop on Workshop on Baryon Instability, Latex, 4 pages, comments to [email protected]

Thermodynamics of Delta resonances

The thermodynamic potential of a system of pions and nucleons is computed including the piN interactions in the P33 channel. A consistent treatment of the width of the resonance in this channel, the Delta(1232) resonance, is explored in detail. In the low-density limit we recover the leading term of the virial expansion for the thermodynamic potential. An instructive diagrammatic interpretation of the contributions to the total baryon number is presented. Furthermore, we examine within a fireball model the consequences for the pion spectra in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies, including the effect of collective flow. A consistent treatment of the Delta width leads to a substantial enhancement of the pion yield at low momenta.Comment: 12 pages, 3 Postscript figures, LaTeX, elsart, epsfig, minor changes, references added, to be published in Physics Letters

Loosely bound hyperons in the SU(3) Skyrme model

Hyperon pairs bound in deuteron like states are obtained within the SU(3) Skyrme model in agreement with general expectations from boson exchange models. The central binding from the flavor symmetry breaking terms increases with the strangeness contents of the interacting baryons whereas the kinetic non-linear $\sigma$-model term fixes the spin and isospin of the bound pair. We give a complete account of the interactions of octet baryons within the product approximation to baryon number $B=2$ configurations.Comment: 35 pages REVTEX including 2 figs, with 3 further figs available on request from [email protected] or from [email protected] SI-94-TP3S2; STPHY-Th/94-

Large magnetoresistance anomalies in Dy7Rh3

The compound Dy7Rh3 ordering antiferromagnetically below (TN=) 59 K has been known to exhibit a temperature (T) dependent electrical resistivity (rho) behavior in the paramagnetic state unusual for intermetallic compounds in the sense that there is a broad peak in rho(T) in the paramagnetic state (around 130 K) as though there is a semi-conductor to metal transition. In addition, there is an upturn below T_N due to magnetic super-zone gap effects. Here we report the influence of external magnetic field (H) on the rho(T) behavior of this compound below 300 K. The rise of rho(T) found below TN could be suppressed at very high fields (>> 60 kOe), thus resulting in a very large magnetoresistance (MR) in the magnetically ordered state. The most notable finding is that the magnitude of MR is large for moderate applications of H (say 80 kOe) in a temperature range far above T_N as well, which is untypical of intermetallic compounds. Thus, this compound is characterized by large MR anomalies in the entire T range of investigation.Comment: IOP Selec

The influence of strength of hyperon-hyperon interactions on neutron star properties

An equation of state of neutron star matter with strange baryons has been obtained. The effects of the strength of hyperon-hyperon interactions on the equations of state constructed for the chosen parameter sets have been analyzed. Numerous neutron star models show that the appearance of hyperons is connected with the increasing density in neutron star interiors. The performed calculations have indicated that the change of the hyperon-hyperon coupling constants affects the chemical composition of a neutron star. The obtained numerical hyperon star models exclude large population of strange baryons in the star interior.Comment: 18 pages, 22 figures, accepted to be published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physic

Widths of Ξ\Xi Hypernuclear States

The $\Lambda$ and neutron decay widths of $\Xi$ hypernuclear states, based on calculated \Xi N \to \lala mixing amplitudes, are estimated. The widths which result from using the Nijmegen Model D interaction are sufficiently small, of order 1.5 MeV, that experiments to observe $\Xi$ hypernuclear states using the $(K^-,K^+)$ reaction may be feasible.Comment: 20 pages, LaTex with one postscript figure in accompanying file, to appear in Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement No. 11

Limits on \boldmath n {\bar n} oscillations from nuclear stability

The relationship between the lower limit on the nuclear stability lifetime as derived from the non disappearance of `stable` nuclei ($T_{d}~\gtrsim~5.4~\times~10^{31}$ yr), and the lower limit thus implied on the oscillation time $(\tau_{n \bar n})$ of a possibly underlying neutron-antineutron oscillation process, is clarified by studying the time evolution of the nuclear decay within a simple model which respects unitarity. The order-of-magnitude result $\tau_{n \bar n} \approx 2 (T_{d}/\Gamma_{\bar n})^{1/2} > 2 \times 10^{8}$ sec, where $\Gamma_{\bar n}$ is a typical $\bar n$ nuclear annihilation width, agrees as expected with the limit on $\tau_{n \bar n}$ established by several detailed nuclear physics calculations, but sharply disagreeing by 15 orders of magnitude with a claim published recently in Phys. Rev. CRAP.Comment: 8 pages; this PRC version (accepted for publication, November 4 1999) differs from the original version only by a few minor editorial change

A Reduced Neodymium Titanate with a New Intergrowth Structure Type

Single crystals of a new reduced neodymium titanate, Nd3Ti4O12 , have been obtained by slow cooling of a reduced Nd–Ti–O ceramic precursor in a molten neodymium borate flux under high vacuum. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (space group Pcmn, a = 5.420(1) Å, b = 7.610(1) Å, c = 22.015(5) Å, Z = 4, Pearson symbol oP76) showed that the structure of Nd3Ti4O12 is built from an arrangement of corner-sharing and edge-sharing TiO6-octahedra that can be considered as a regular intergrowth of the GdFeO3 and CaTa2O6 structure types. The material is nonmetallic (R(25°C) = 35 Ωcm) which may arise due to the localization of the Ti 3d-electrons in the edge-sharing pairs of TiO6-octahedra (short Ti–Ti distance of 2.760(3) Å)

Quasinuclear N N states

We present an interpretation of recent experimental results on nucleon-anti-nucleon annihilation reactions of the type N{bar N} {yields} {pi}X, which have yielded evidence for a new tensor meson AX (here called X{sub 2}) with J{pi}{sup C}(I{sup G}) = 2{sup ++}(0{sup +}). The branching ratios for producing X{sub 2} from N{bar N} atomic states of orbital angular momentum L = 0,1, as well as its preference for decay into {rho}{rho} and {pi}{pi} rather than K{bar K} channels, are consistent with the identifications of X{sub 2} as a {sup 13}P{sub 2}{minus}{sup 13}F{sub 2} bound state of the N{bar N} potential. We suggest further key test of this interpretation. 21 refs

Nuclear physics with strange particles

Recent progress in the understanding of strange particle interactions with nuclear systems is reviewed. We discuss the relative merits of various reactions such as (K/sup -/, ..pi../sup +-/), (..pi../sup +/, K/sup +/), or (..gamma.., K/sup +/) for hypernuclear production. The structure of /sub ..lambda..//sup 13/C is analyzed in some detail, in order to illustrate the role of the ..lambda..N residual interaction and approximate dynamical symmetries in hypernuclear structure. Recent results on the single particle states of a ..lambda.. in heavy systems, as revealed by (..pi../sup +/, K/sup +/) reaction studies, are used to extract information on the density dependence and effective mass which characterize the ..lambda..-nucleus mean field. Finally, we develop the idea the K/sup +/-nucleus scattering at low energies is sensitive to the subtle ''swelling'' effects for nucleons bound in nuclei. 64 refs., 13 figs