<i>In vitro</i> expression of netrin-1 in HK-2 cells.

<p>(A) Expression of netrin-1 in human renal epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) following exposure to hypoxia (1% O₂) for indicated time periods. One representative blot of three is displayed. (B) Quantification or netrin-1 protein in HK-2 cells relative to β-actin.</p

Histological tissue insure induced by AKI in mice with partial netrin-1 deficiency (<i>Ntn1^+/−</i>) or control mice (<i>Ntn1^+/+</i>).

<p>Renal histology in <i>Ntn1^+/−</i> mice exposed to renal ischemia or age-, weight-, and gender-matched littermate controls (<i>Ntn1^+/+</i>) were subjected to 30 minutes of left renal artery ischemia. Renal histology was obtained after 24 hours of reperfusion. (A–D) Representative H&E staining (400×). Arrow marks destructed tubules. (E) Quantification of histological tissue damage assessed by Jablonski index.</p

Reconstitution of <i>Ntn1^+/−</i> mice with exogenous netrin-1.

<p>Renal function and inflammation in mice with partial deficiency for netrin-1 (<i>Ntn1^+/−</i>) treated with exogenous netrin (5 µg/mouse I.V.) or vehicle prior to 30 minutes of renal ischemia. (A) Glomerular filtration rate (as measured by FITC-inulin clearance) was measured after 1 hour of reperfusion. (B) Quantification of neutrophil tissue accumulation by measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (mean ± SD; n = 6–8).</p

Renal inflammatory changes in <i>Ntn1^+/−</i> mice following ischemia.

<p><i>Ntn1^+/−</i> mice and their respective age-, weight-, and gender-matched littermate controls (<i>Ntn1^+/+</i>) were subjected to 30 minutes of left renal artery ischemia. (A–D) Neutrophil staining. Arrows indicate neutrophils (magnification 400×). (E) Quantification of neutrophil tissue accumulation by measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO). (F) TNF-α and (G) interleukin-6 (IL-6) and (H) interleukin-10 (IL-10) were assessed by real-time RT-PCR from renal tissues. Data were calculated relative to ß-actin and are expressed as fold change compared to sham-operated animals without ischemia (−I). Data are representative of four to six independent experiments for each experimental condition (mean ± SD).</p