Differential Privacy in Metric Spaces: Numerical, Categorical and Functional Data Under the One Roof

We study Differential Privacy in the abstract setting of Probability on metric spaces. Numerical, categorical and functional data can be handled in a uniform manner in this setting. We demonstrate how mechanisms based on data sanitisation and those that rely on adding noise to query responses fit within this framework. We prove that once the sanitisation is differentially private, then so is the query response for any query. We show how to construct sanitisations for high-dimensional databases using simple 1-dimensional mechanisms. We also provide lower bounds on the expected error for differentially private sanitisations in the general metric space setting. Finally, we consider the question of sufficient sets for differential privacy and show that for relaxed differential privacy, any algebra generating the Borel $\sigma$-algebra is a sufficient set for relaxed differential privacy.Comment: 18 Page

Variable angle photoelectron spectrometer

The design, construction, and performance of a spectrometer for measuring the angular and energy distributions of electrons photoejected by rare gas resonance light is described. Results using 584.4‐Å photons from a helium lamp are reported. Flexibility of instrumental design allows for the use of other light sources. A 180° hemispherical electrostatic electron energy analyzer is rotatable about the center of an enclosed sample chamber. The instrument is highly automated, with an on‐line computer used to control the detector angle and the data acquisition and reduction. This automation is required by the long and continuous data acquisition

Issues in the design of switched linear systems : a benchmark study

In this paper we present a tutorial overview of some of the issues that arise in the design of switched linear control systems. Particular emphasis is given to issues relating to stability and control system realisation. A benchmark regulation problem is then presented. This problem is most naturally solved by means of a switched control design. The challenge to the community is to design a control system that meets the required performance specifications and permits the application of rigorous analysis techniques. A simple design solution is presented and the limitations of currently available analysis techniques are illustrated with reference to this example

Analyses of mutations selected by passaging a chimeric flavivirus identify mutations that alter infectivity and reveal an interaction between the structural proteins and the nonstructural glycoprotein NS1

We previously described a single-cycle dengue vaccine (RepliVAX D2) engineered from a capsid (C) gene-deleted West Nile virus (WNV) expressing dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) prM/E genes in place of the corresponding WNV genes. That work demonstrated that adaptation of RepliVAX D2 to grow in WNV C-expressing cells resulted in acquisition of non-synonymous mutations in the DENV2 prM/E and WNV NS2A/NS3 genes. Here we demonstrate that the prM/E mutations increase the specific infectivity of chimeric virions and the NS2A/NS3 mutations independently enhance packaging. Studies with the NS2A mutant demonstrated that it was unable to produce a larger form of NS1 (NS1'), suggesting that the mutation had been selected to eliminate a ribosomal frame-shift "slippage site" in NS2A. Evaluation of a synonymous mutation at this slippage site confirmed that genomes that failed to make NS1' were packaged more efficiently than WT genomes supporting a role for NS1/NS1' in orchestrating virion assembly

Analytical Methods in Mesoscopic Systems

The propsect of designing technologies around the quantum behavior of mesoscopic devices is enticing. This thesis present several tools to facilitate the process of calculating and analyzing the quantum properties of such devices – resonance, boundary conditions, and the quantum-classical correspondence are major themes that we study with these tools. In Chapter 1, we begin by laying the groundwork for the tools that follow by defining the Hamiltonian, the Green’s function, the scattering matrix, and the Landauer formalism for ballistic conduction. In Chapter 2, we present an efficient and easy-to-implement algorithm called the Outward Wave Algorithm, which calculates the conductance function and scattering density matrix when a system is coupled to an environment in a variety of geometries and contexts beyond the simple two-lead schematic. In Chapter 3, we present a unique geometry and numerical method called the Boundary Reflectin Matrix that allows us to calculate the full scattering matrix from arbitrary boundaries of a lattice system, and introduce the phenomenon of internal Bragg diffraction. In Chapter 4, we present a new method for visualizing wavefunctions called the Husimi map, which uses measurement by coherent states to form a bridge between the quantum flux operator and semiclassics. We extend the formalism from Chapter 4 to lattice systems in Chapter 5, and comment on our results in Chapter 3 and other work in the literature. These three tools – the Outward Wave Algorithm, the Boundary Reflection Matrix, and the Husimi map – work together to throw light on our interpretation of resonance and scattering in quantum systems, effectively codifying the expertise developed in semiclassics over the past few decades in an efficient and robust package. The data and images that they make available promise to help design better technologies based on quantum scattering.Physic

Geochemistry of intrusive rock suites and related porphyry copper mineralization in the Papua New Guinea - Solomon Islands region

In the Papua New Guinea-Solomon Islands region of the southwest Pacific, calc-alkaline intrusive complexes and closely associated porphyry-type copper mineralization of Tertiary and younger age occur in three contrasted tectonic settings: in island arcs, in the Australian continental margin (New Guinea Mobile Belt), and in the Australian continental block. The intrusive complexes of all three settings display a wide range of calc-alkaline mineralogy and chemistry. Geochemical data for the intrusive rocks indicate increasing abundance of 'incompatible' elements from island arc areas, through the continental margin, to the continental block. Regional geochemical variations are also evident in abundance of particular elements in restricted regions, and in overall northwards increase of potassium and related 'incompatible' elements across the Mobile Belt. Genesis of most of the calc-alkaline intrusive complexes involves hybridism of silicic partial melts and refractory material from igneous source rocks in the base of the crust at depths of 20-40 km. Some mafic suites had their source in the upper mantle. The geochemistry of intrusive suites reflects the composition of their source materials. Partial melting is caused by rise of isotherms during prolonged magmatism, and is aided by decrease in load pressure following rapid uplift and erosion. Partial melting beneath the Mobile Belt in Lower to Middle Miocene times was achieved by such means without the participation of a Benioff zone. Mineralized intrusive rock suites were slightly more waterrich than non-mineralized suites. They are characterized by the primary mineral assemblage hornblende + magnetite + sphene, stability of increasingly Mg-rich mafic mineral compositions during crystallization, and lack of mafic inclusions. Later intrusion of mineralized suites in intrusive complexes is a consequence of later partial melting of slightly more water-rich source material at higher levels in the base of the crust. The origin of hydrothermal solutions responsible for porphyry-type mineralization is intimately related to final stages of crystallization of relatively water-rich intrusive suites