3 research outputs found

    Origin of the Rheic Ocean: Rifting along a Neoproterozoic suture?

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    The Rheic Ocean is widely believed to have formed in the Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician as a result of the drift of peri-Gondwanan terranes, such as Avalonia and Carolina, from the northern margin of Gondwana, and to have been consumed in the Devonian Carboniferous by continent-continent collision during the formation of Pangea. Other peri-Gondwanan terranes (e.g., Armorica, Ossa-Morena, northwest Iberia, Saxo-Thuringia, Moldanubia) remained along the Gondwanan margin at the time of Rheic Ocean formation. Differences in the Neoproterozoic histories of these peri-Gondwanan terranes suggest the location of the Rheic Ocean rift may have been inherited from Neoproterozoic lithospheric structures formed by the accretion and dispersal of peri-Gondwanan terranes along the northern Gondwanan margin prior to Rheic Ocean opening. Avalonia and Carolina have Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics indicative of recycling of a juvenile ca. 1 Ga source, and they were accreted to the northern Gondwanan margin prior to voluminous late Neoproterozoic arc magmatism. In contrast, Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics of most other peri-Gondwanan terranes closely match those of Eburnian basement, suggesting they reflect recycling of ancient (2 Ga) West African crust. The basements of terranes initially rifted from Gondwana to form the Rheic Ocean were those that had previously accreted during Neoproterozoic orogenesis, suggesting the rift was located near the suture between the accreted terranes and cratonic northern Gondwana. Opening of the Rheic Ocean coincided with the onset of subduction beneath the Laurentian margin in its predecessor, the Iapetus Ocean, suggesting geodynamic linkages between the destruction of the Iapetus Ocean and the creation of the Rheic Ocean

    The East Kemptville tin deposit, Yarmouth County, southwestern Nova Scotia: a lithogeochemical study of the wallrock metasedimentary rocks

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    The results of a petrographic and lithogeochemical study of metasedimentary rocks (Lower Paleozoic Meguma Group) surrounding the northern part of the East Kemptville tin deposit, southwestern Nova Scotia are presented. The metasedimentary rocks, including interbedded psammites and pelites, are fine-grained and highly indurated. Pelitic horizons contain homfelsic textures (i.e., <5 mm cordierite grains) near the granite; sparse veining includes some cassiterite and sulphides. Hydrolhermal alteration is manifested by disseminated, fine-grained, secondary muscovite and/or muscovite and chlorite infilling and lining microfractures with bleached haloes and associated cassiterite, sulphides, tourmaline, fluorite and carbonate. The major and trace element chemistry, including the rare-earth elements, of the metasedimentary rocks are compared to different data bases that comprise: (1) averages for pelites and psammitcs of Phanerozic age, (2) nonmineralized Meguma Group rocks, and (3) fields in discriminant binary clement diagrams. For most of the major and trace elements analyzed an apparently unaltered, normal chemistry is indicated, except for some LILE (e.g., Li, Rb, U) and ore-forming elements (e.g., Sn, Zn, Bi) where enrichment is considered to reflect infiltration of mineralizing fluids from the proximal granite/greisen of the main deposit area. The data indicate that infiltration of fluids was minimal and that, for the most part, the metasedimentary rocks acted as an impermeable cap to the ore-forming solutions. RÉSUMÉ Les rĂ©sultats d'une Ă©tude pĂ©trographique et lithogĂ©ochimique des roches mĂ©tasĂ©dimentaires (Groupe de Meguma du PalĂ©ozoique infĂ©rieur) entourant la partie nord du gisement d'Ă©tain de East Kemptville, dans le sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Écosse, sont prĂ©sentĂ©s. Les roches mĂ©tasĂ©dimentaires, comprenant des grès et des pelites, sont à grain fin et fortement induces. Les horizons pĂ©litiques montrent des textures de corndennes (i.e. des grains de cordidrite <5 mm) près du granite; des veines Ă©parses contiennent de la cassitĂ©rite et des sulfures. L'altĂ©ration hydrothermale se manifeste par de la muscovite secondaire à grain fin dissĂ©mindĂ©e ou par de la muscovite et de la chlorite en remplissage et en tapis sage de microfractures aux Ă©pontes lessivĂ©es et associĂ©es à de la cassitĂ©rite, des sulfures, de la tourmaline, de la fluorite et des carbonates. La composition en Ă©lĂ©ments majeurs et traces, incluant les terres rares, des roches mĂ©tasĂ©dimentaires sont companies à diverses bases de donnĂ©es, incluant: (1) les composition moyennes des pĂ©lites et des grès d'âge PhanĂ©rozoique, (2) les roches non minĂ©ralisdes du Groupe de Meguma et (3) les champs des diagrammes de discrimination binaires. Les teneurs de la plupart des Ă©lĂ©ments majeurs et traces analyses indiquent une composition normale, apparamment inaltĂ©rĂ©e, à part pour certains Ă©lĂ©ments à grand rayon ionique (e.g., Li, Rb, U) et certains Ă©lĂ©ments Ă©conomiques (e.g., Sn, Zn, Bi) ou l’enrichissement est considĂ©rĂ© comme reprĂ©sentant l’inftitration de fluides minĂ©ralisateurs provenant du greisen proximal de la rĂ©gion du gisement principal. Les donnĂ©es indiquent que l’infiltration des fluides Ă©tait minimale et que les roches mĂ©tasĂ©dimentaires ont agi principalement comme une enveloppe impermĂ©able pour les solutions minĂ©ralisatrices. [Traduit par le journal

    Geochemistry of amphibole pyroxenite veins from the Lherz and Freychinède ultramafic bodies (Ariège, French Pyrenees)

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    The amphibole-bearing pyroxenite and hornblendite veins from the high-temperature peridotite bodies of Lherz and Freychinède in Ariège (French Pyrenees) are cumulates formed by high P-T mineral segregation. The major and trace element composition of the whole-rocks and constituent minerals is very similar to those of amphibole-bearing veins of ultramafîc xenoliths and to the megacrysts of alkali basalts. The veins were in equilibrium with liquids which had characteristics of alkali basalts ; their emplacement is related to the Cretaceous magmatism exposed in the Pyrenees and probably occurred in the uppermost section of the lithospheric mantle. The thin veins were affected by re-equilibration with the surrounding peridotites leading to a distinct decrease of Fe and an increase of Mg and Cr. It is postulated that pyroxenite segregates derived from alkali basalts are locally abundant in the upper mande were they are responsible for incompatible element enrichments.Les veines de pyroxénite à amphibole et de hornblendite des massifs de péridotite de haute température de Lherz et Freychinède (Ariège, Pyrénées françaises) sont des cumulats formés par ségrégation minérale à HP-HT. Les compositions en éléments majeurs et trace des roches totales et des minéraux séparés sont identiques à celles des veines à amphibole des enclaves ultrabasiques dans les basaltes alcalins et à celles des mégacristaux. Pyroxénites et hornblendites sont équilibrées avec des liquides dont les caractéristiques sont celles des basaltes alcalins. Leur cristallisation est probablement associée au magmatisme crétacé des Pyrénées, les veines se mettant en place dans les niveaux supérieurs du manteau lithosphérique. Les veines minces et les bordures des plus épaisses ont été affectées par une rééquilibration de subsolidus avec la péridotite encaissante, se traduisant par une diminution de Fe et une augmentation de Mg et Cr. Des veines de ce type, formées aux dépens de magmas alcalins, peuvent être localement abondantes dans le manteau supérieur où elles seraient responsables d'enrichissements en éléments incompatibles.Bodinier Jean-Louis, Fabriès Jacques, Lorand Jean-Pierre, Dostal Jarda, Dupuy Claude. Geochemistry of amphibole pyroxenite veins from the Lherz and Freychinède ultramafic bodies (Ariège, French Pyrenees). In: Bulletin de Minéralogie, volume 110, 4, 1987. pp. 345-358
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