Prevalência de colonização por Streptococcus agalactiae em gestantes / Prevalence of colonization by Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women

Introdução: O Streptococcus agalactiae ou Estreptococo do Grupo B de Lancefield (EGB) é uma bactéria gram-positiva presente naturalmente na microbiota residente nas mucosas de alguns seres humanos. A relevância clínica ocorre devido ao risco de desenvolvimento de doenças como sepse, pneumonia e meningite em decorrência da contaminação vertical de neonatos de parturientes colonizadas. O presente trabalho objetivou verificar a prevalência de Streptococcus agalactiae em gestantes na cidade de Montes Claros, MG. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo de delineamento transversal, do tipo documental retrospectivo. Os dados foram coletados a partir de 535 registros dos relatórios de atendimentos das pacientes gestantes submetidas ao exame microbiológico para pesquisa de Streptococcus agalactiae em uma rede de laboratórios de análises clínicas, localizados na cidade de Montes Claros (MG), no período de janeiro de 2015 a abril de 2018. A coleta e o processamento do material foram realizados de acordo com as recomendações do CDC (2010). Resultados: Foram avaliados os resultados de exames microbiológicos para pesquisa de Streptococcus agalactiae de 535 gestantes com idades entre 15 e 47 anos, que se encontravam na idade gestacional entre 35 e 38 semanas e que foram realizados no período de janeiro de 2015 a abril de 2018. Das gestantes pesquisadas, a maioria (n.495/92,5%) realizou a pesquisa da bactéria em ambos sítios anatômicos (vaginal/anal), pode-se observar que foram atendidas em regime particular (74,4%) e um pequeno percentual pertencia a Rede Cegonha (2,2 %). Foi possível observar que dessas pacientes analisadas, 82 apresentaram resultados positivos para GBS, o que correspondeu à prevalência de 15,3%. Conclusão: pode-se concluir diante da significativa prevalência encontrada (15,3%) e da patogenicidade aos neonatos, que a pesquisa da colonização de gestantes pelo Streptococcus agalactiae deve ser ampliada como medida assistencial pré-natal nos serviços de saúde, de forma que 100% das gestantes sejam pesquisadas em dois sítios de coleta, garantindo a segurança dos neonatos

Asthenopic symptoms prevalence in undergraduate students

Abstract Objective: To analyze the prevalence of asthenic symptoms in students of higher education and to assess their influence on academic performance and learning. Methods: Descriptive research with cross-sectional design through the application of the College of Optometrists Questionnaire in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVDL-QoL), in its cross-cultural and linguistic adaptation to the Portuguese language, to the students of a private college in the city of Montes Claros. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 132 university students. There was no significant discrepancy in the prevalence of asthenopia between genders and age. Symptoms of headache, poor memory and loss of objects predominated in women, while sleepiness during reading and poor management of time were predominant in males. Conclusion: A high prevalence rate of asthenic symptoms among university students and positive associations with sex and time of use of electronic equipment was identified

Health conditions associated with overweight in climacteric women.

This study aims to investigate the association between health conditions and overweight in climacteric women assisted by primary care professionals. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 874 women from 40 to 65 years of age, selected by probabilistic sampling between August 2014 and August 2015. In addition to the outcome variable, overweight and obesity, other variables such as sociodemographic, reproductive, clinical, eating and behavioural factors were evaluated. Descriptive analyses of the variables investigated were performed to determine their frequency distributions. Then, bivariate analyses were performed through Poisson regression. For the multivariate analyses, hierarchical Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with overweight and obesity in the climacteric period. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 74%. Attending public school (PR: 1.30-95% CI 1.14-1.50), less schooling (PR: 1.11-95% CI 1.01-1.23), gout (PR: 1.18-95% CI 1.16-1.44), kidney disease (PR: 1.18-95% CI 1.05-1.32), metabolic syndrome (MS) (PR: 1.19-95% CI 1.05-1.34) and fat intake (PR: 1.12-95% CI 1.02-1.23) were considered risk factors for overweight. Having the first birth after 18 years of age (PR: 0.89-95% CI 0.82 to 0.97) was shown to be a protective factor for overweight and obesity. The presence of overweight and obesity is associated with sociodemographic, reproductive, clinical and eating habits

Validity and precision of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for climacteric women using computational intelligence techniques.

This study aimed to evaluate the validity and precision of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for climacteric women using computational intelligence techniques. The instrument was applied to 873 women aged between 40 and 65 years. Considering the proposal to regroup the set of data related to the level of physical activity of climacteric women using the IPAQ, we used 2 algorithms: Kohonen and k-means, and, to evaluate the validity of these clusters, 3 indexes were used: Silhouette, PBM and Dunn. The questionnaire was tested for validity (factor analysis) and precision (Cronbach's alpha). The Random Forests technique was used to assess the importance of the variables that make up the IPAQ. To classify these variables, we used 3 algorithms: Suport Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network and Decision Tree. The results of the tests to evaluate the clusters suggested that what is recommended for IPAQ, when applied to climacteric women, is to categorize the results into two groups. The factor analysis resulted in three factors, with factor 1 being composed of variables 3 to 6; factor 2 for variables 7 and 8; and factor 3 for variables 1 and 2. Regarding the reliability estimate, the results of the standardized Cronbach's alpha test showed values between 0.63 to 0.85, being considered acceptable for the construction of the construct. In the test of importance of the variables that make up the instrument, the results showed that variables 1 and 8 presented a lesser degree of importance and by the analysis of Accuracy, Recall, Precision and area under the ROC curve, there was no variation when the results were analyzed with all IPAQ variables but variables 1 and 8. Through this analysis, we concluded that the IPAQ, short version, has adequate measurement properties for the investigated population

Correction: Health conditions associated with overweight in climacteric women.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218497.]