Pengaruh Merokok terhadap Kapasitas Vital Paru Mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon

ABSTRAKMerokok adalah perilaku yang tidak baik bagi kesehatan paru, salah satunya kapasitas vital atau Force Vital Capacity (FVC). Nikotin dan bahan-bahan kimia yang terkandung didalamnya tidak dapat termetabolisme dengan sempurna dan mengendap di paru dan pembuluh darah. Sebagian besar mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gunung Jati Cirebon adalah perokok. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh merokok terhadap kapasitas vital paru mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik  dengan  menggunakan  pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling and data dianalisis dengan menggunakan korelasi Spearman. Studi menunjukan bahwa durasi merokok, jenis rokok dan frekuensi konsumsi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kapasitas vital paru dengan p<0,05. Pengaruh antara jumlah rokok dengan FVC pada perokok dengan nilai p = 0,002. Pengaruh jenis rokok yang dikonsumsi dengan FVC pada dengan nilai p = 0,005. Pengaruh yang bermakna antara durasi merokok dengan FVC pada perokok  nilai p = 0,002. Ada pengaruh yang bermakna antara jumlah rokok, jenis rokok dan durasi merokok dengan kapasitas vital paru mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gunung Jati Cirebon.Kata kunci: Merokok, Paru-paru, Kapasitas vital paru ABSTRACTSmoking is a hazardous behavior for the health of the lungs, which can be measured by Force Vital Capacity (FVC). Nicotine and chemicals contained in cigarette cannot be properly metabolized and remains in the lung and blood vessels. Most of the faculty of law students at Swadaya Gunung Jati University are smokers. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of smoking to the force vital capacity of the lungs of the students. The study was conducted using analytical observational design with cross-sectional approach. Sampling was done using simple random sampling and data were analyzed with Spearman correlation test. The results showed that duration of smoking, type of cigarette, and consumption frequency had an effect on force vital capacity with p<0.05. The effect of amount of cigarette consumed had an effect with p = 0.002. Type of cigarettes consumed had an effect on FVC with p value of 0.005. There was also a significant correlation between duration of smoking with FVC with p = 0.002. There were significant correlation between amount of cigarettes consumed, type of cigarettes and smoking duration with FVC in students of the faculty of law of Swadaya Gunung Jati University.Keywords: Smoking, Lungs, Force Vital Capacit

ESTUDIO FOTOGRÁFICO BOSCH [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 201

Pengaruh Merokok terhadap Kapasitas Vital Paru Mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon

ABSTRAKMerokok adalah perilaku yang tidak baik bagi kesehatan paru, salah satunya kapasitas vital atau Force Vital Capacity (FVC). Nikotin dan bahan-bahan kimia yang terkandung didalamnya tidak dapat termetabolisme dengan sempurna dan mengendap di paru dan pembuluh darah. Sebagian besar mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gunung Jati Cirebon adalah perokok. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh merokok terhadap kapasitas vital paru mahasiswa di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik  dengan  menggunakan  pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling and data dianalisis dengan menggunakan korelasi Spearman. Studi menunjukan bahwa durasi merokok, jenis rokok dan frekuensi konsumsi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kapasitas vital paru dengan p<0,05. Pengaruh antara jumlah rokok dengan FVC pada perokok dengan nilai p = 0,002. Pengaruh jenis rokok yang dikonsumsi dengan FVC pada dengan nilai p = 0,005. Pengaruh yang bermakna antara durasi merokok dengan FVC pada perokok  nilai p = 0,002. Ada pengaruh yang bermakna antara jumlah rokok, jenis rokok dan durasi merokok dengan kapasitas vital paru mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gunung Jati Cirebon.Kata kunci: Merokok, Paru-paru, Kapasitas vital paru ABSTRACTSmoking is a hazardous behavior for the health of the lungs, which can be measured by Force Vital Capacity (FVC). Nicotine and chemicals contained in cigarette cannot be properly metabolized and remains in the lung and blood vessels. Most of the faculty of law students at Swadaya Gunung Jati University are smokers. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of smoking to the force vital capacity of the lungs of the students. The study was conducted using analytical observational design with cross-sectional approach. Sampling was done using simple random sampling and data were analyzed with Spearman correlation test. The results showed that duration of smoking, type of cigarette, and consumption frequency had an effect on force vital capacity with p<0.05. The effect of amount of cigarette consumed had an effect with p = 0.002. Type of cigarettes consumed had an effect on FVC with p value of 0.005. There was also a significant correlation between duration of smoking with FVC with p = 0.002. There were significant correlation between amount of cigarettes consumed, type of cigarettes and smoking duration with FVC in students of the faculty of law of Swadaya Gunung Jati University.Keywords: Smoking, Lungs, Force Vital Capacit

ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) VISIT FREQUENCY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER AND PRETERM EVENTS IN PUSKESMAS PONDOH AND JUNTINYUAT IN INDRAMAYU REGENCY BETWEEN 2014-2016

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 15 million babies are born preterm every year and this number continues to increase. Several risk factors for preterm are identified as mother’s lifestyle such as smoking, malnutrition, weight gain during pregnancy, and drug use or other factors such as socioeconomic status. In 2015, WHO reported more than 300.000 women died from pregnancy-related causes and 2.6 million babies were still born worldwide with half occurring during the third trimester. Antenatal Care (ANC) in the third semester aims to identify fetal position and identify complication during pregnancy and screen for pre-eclampsia, infection of the reproductive organs and urinary tract, and plan for delivery. The ANC in the third semester is crucial in keeping pregnant mother healthy throught pregnancy and delivery. Aim: To find out the relationship between third trimester Antenatal Care (ANC) visit frequency and preterm birth event at Puskesmas Pondoh and Juntinyuat in Indramayu regency between 2014-2016. Methods: This was observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique in this research was done by total sampling with 100 respondens. Data were collected from maternal cohort book and control card of pregnant women. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Prevalence Ratio. Results: This study found that the proportion of pregnant mothers with insufficient third trimester ANC was 38% and the number of mothers delivering preterm baby was 32%. Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistical significance between third trimester ANC visit frequency and preterm labor with p=0,000 (p&lt;0,05) and women with insufficient ANC visit have 40 times higher risk of preterm baby compared to mothers who has sufficient ANC visit (PR=40,60; CI95%=11.699-140.8862) in Puskesmas Pondoh and Juntinyuat Indramayu District 2014-2016. Conclusion: Having less than 4 ANC visit in the third trimester may increase the risk of delivering preterm babies. Pregnant women are advised to do ante natal care monthly of a minimum 4 times during the third trimester. &nbsp

CHANGING COSMETIC BRANDS INCREASE RISK OF FREQUENCY AND DEGREE OF ACNE VULGARIS IN FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

Background: Acne vulgaris is a skin disease caused by chronic inflammation of the follicular pilosebacea marked by the presence of blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts in place of healthy skin. One of the risk factors for Acne vulgaris is changing cosmetic brands which may contain comedogenic and acnegenic ingredients. The aim of this study is to find out the relationship of changing cosmetic brands and the prevalence of Acne vulgaris in female undergraduates. Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were 344 female undergraduates who used two out of four types of cosmetics, recruited by total sampling. Data were analyzed to see the relationship of changing cosmetic brands with the degree and the frequency of acne. Results: Based on Spearman correlation test, changing cosmetic brands has a strong positive correlation (r2= 0.762) with the degree of acne and a mild positive correlation (r2=0.461) with acne frequency. Chi-square test showed statistical significance (p&lt;0.05) between changing cosmetic brands and the degree and frequency of acne. Subjects who frequently changes cosmetics has a 66 times higher risk of having bad acne (PR= 66.994; CI 95% = 32.099–139.320) and 8 times higher risk of having more frequent acne (PR= 8.432; CI 95% = 4.969-14.308) compared to subjects that do not frequently change cosmetics. Conclusion: Changing cosmetic brands increased the risk for both the degree of acne and the frequency of acne. &nbsp

EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY ON OVERWEIGHT LEVEL AMONG HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENT

Background: Obesity was believed to be one of the risk factors of degenerative diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Obesity occurred gradually that started with overweight. Risk factors for overweight are lack of physical activity, and consumption of high caloric fatty food which may cause accumulation of fats inside the body. This research aims to examine the effect of physical activity and fast food consumption frequency on overweight level among high school adolescent in Cirebon.&nbsp; Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 262 high school students aged 15-17 years using stratified random sampling. Results: The result based on Spearman correlation test showed negative correlation between physical activity and overweight level with p= 0,001 (p&lt; 0,05) and correlation coefficient of -0,627. There was positive correlation between consumption fast food frequency with overweight with p=0,037 (p=0,05) and correlation coefficient of 0,423. Conclusions: Physical activity and fast food consumption frequency have effects on overweight level in high school adolescent in Cirebon. &nbsp

THE EFFECT OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) SKIN AND MEAT ON EPITHELIALIZATION THICKNESS AND COLLAGEN DENSITY IN INCISION WOUND OF WISTAR RAT (Rattus norvegicus)

Background: Alternative medicine using animal is still rare whereas Indonesia have a lot of potential natural resources. Catfish is easily found animal in Indonesia and is common consumed as nutriment sources contains albumin, amino acid and fatty acids which plays an essential role of wound healing process. This study will determine effect of orally administered catfish (Clarias gariepinus) skin and meat on epithelialization thickness and collagen density in incision wound of white male rat (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This experimental post-test only group design used 30 white male rat (Rattus norvegicus), that randomly divided into 4 tratment goup and one control group. The treatment group was given 12,5 mg/g W, 25 mg/g W, 37,5 mg/g W and 50 mg/g W dose of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) skin and meat flour, in the other hand the contol group were given aquades. Non-parametric analyses using Kruscall- Wallis and Mann Whitney test were used to compare epithelization thickness and collagen density. Result: The comparison results of epithelialization thickness between group C with TGI, C with TG2, C with TG3 and C with TG4 showed significant differences (p&lt;0.05). TG4 was the thickest of all groups. Significant differences were also observed in collagen density result between C with TGI, C with TG2, C with TG3 and C with TG4 (p &lt;0,05) TG4 showed the highest density of all groups. Conclusion: Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) skin and meat flour with 50 mg/200g W dose is effective for wound healing and increasing epithelial thickness and collagen density in Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) incision wounds. Keywords: Epithelial thickness, Collagen density, Wound, Catfish (Clarias gariepinus

EFFECTIVENESS OF ORALLY USE CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) SKIN AND MEAT ON WOUND LENGTH AND FIBROBLAST DENSITY IN INCISION WOUND OF WISTAR RAT (Rattus norvegicus)

Background: Treatment for wounds that are currently often given is use povidone-iodine. But, this antiseptics also kills fibroblast tissue which is useful for forming new tissue. One of the other ways to treatment for wounds is use catfish. The contents found in catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is albumin which is a globular protein that is useful in the formation of body tissues, such as postoperative wounds and burns. This study aims to determine the effect of skin and meat of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) on wound length and fibroblast density in incision wounds of Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus). Methodology: This study is an experimental study with Post Test Only Control Group Design using Wistar rats which are divided into five groups. The control group (aquadest) and treatment groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 are given the skin and meat of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) orally at a dose of 12.5 mg / 200 g BW, 25 mg / 200 g BW, 37.5 mg / 200 g BW, and 50 mg / 200 g BW. After 10 days, the rats are killed to take the wound tissue for histological preparations to observe fibroblast density. Then, it is analyzed by ANOVA test or the alternative. Results: There is an effect of giving catfish skin and meat (Clarias gariepinus) orally at different dose. The administration of catfish skin and meat (Clarias gariepinus) at a dose of 37.5 mg / 200 g BW and 50 mg / 200 g BW is better than other doses assessed from wound length and fibroblast density in Wistar rat incision wounds (Rattus norvegicus). Conclusion: The use of catfish for wound healing can be applied. This method can reduce wound length and increase fibroblast density at certain doses. Keywords: Fibroblasts, incision wounds, catfish, Clarias gariepinus, wound healin

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS BETWEEN CELERY JUICE (Apium graveolens L.) AND 2% MICONAZOLE TOWARDS THE GROWTH OF Malassezia furfur

Introduction: Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the fungi Malassezia furfur with a worldwide prevalence of 50%, including tropical countries, second only to dermatitis in Indonesia. Pityriasis versicolor is difficult to treat and requires long-term treatment. The disease has high recurrence risk and may cause drug resistance. 2% Miconazole is known to have long-term side effects; therefore, alternative treatment is needed. Several studies suggested that celery (Apium graveolens L.) contains active substances with anti-fungal properties. This paper aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness between celery juice and 2% Miconazole towards the growth of Malassezia furfur. Methods: This is an in-vitro experimental study with post-test only control group design. The subjects were split into 5 groups which were given celery juice in 10% DMSO with the concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. A negative control group was given only 10% DMSO and the positive control group was given 2% Miconazole. The data were then analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney test. Results: The Kruskall-Wallis test showed all concentration of celery juice had antifungal effect with p=0.000 (p&lt;0.05) and were effective in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia furfur. The Mann-Whitney test showed that the 50% celery concentration was as effective as 2% Miconazole in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia furfur (p=0.495). Conclusion: Celery juice (Apium graveolens L.) was effective in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia furfur with 50% concentration as the most effective concentration