6 research outputs found
Data_Sheet_1_Understanding how virtual reality forest experience promote physiological and psychological health for patients undergoing hemodialysis.xlsx
Growing research has found that exposing patients to forest landscapes through technology improves their health. However, studies on the effects of nature therapy sessions on particularly vulnerable groups that require frequent regular treatment such as patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is lacking. This study aims to understand the effects of watching panoramic videos of forest walks through virtual reality (VR) headsets on patients. We also examine the effects of the frequency of virtual exposure to forests on the physiological and psychological parameters of patients undergoing dialysis. Twenty-four dialysis patients with a mean age of 65.11 year underwent a virtual nature intervention over the course of 3 weeks. The intervention consists of 3 numbers of 6-min 360-degree nature videos delivered using VR headsets. We measured heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) using continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring and assessed their emotional states using a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the initial 6 min of watching of the panoramic videos through VR headsets resulted in significantly reduced HR and sympathetic nerve activity and increased positive emotional responses. However, repeated VR exposure did not further improve the physiological health of the respondents. Considering these results, the use of VR headsets to watch 6-min nature videos indoors can be used to enhance the positive psychological responses among dialysis and bed-ridden patients. As this study is preliminary, future random controlled trials are needed to compare and determine the best dose, content, and delivery methods of such an intervention.</p
Theoretical Insights on the Charge State and Bifunctional OER/ORR Electrocatalyst Activity in 4d-Transition-Metal-Doped g‑C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Monolayers
Exploring
efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the bifunctional
oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)
is vital to developing renewable energy technologies. However, due
to the substantial and intricate design space associated with these
bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts, their development presents
a formidable challenge, resulting in their cost-prohibitive nature
in both experimental and computational studies. Herein, using the
defect physics method, we systematically investigate the formation
energies and bifunctional overpotential (ηBi) of
4d-transition-metal (4d-TM, 4d-TM = Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Ag)-doped
monolayer supercell g-C3N4 (4d-TM@C54N72) based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Under N-rich and C-rich conditions, we find that the formation energies
of RhN@C54N71 (Rh occupation N) and
PdN@C54N71 (Pd occupation N) are
smaller than that of other 4d-TMN@C54N71 (4d-TM occupation N site); for the 4d-TMint@C54N72 (4d-TM interstitial site occupation), the lowest-formation
energy defects are Pdint@C54N72.
These results indicate that they have better stabilities. Interestingly,
for these formation energy lower systems, Pd0int@C54N72 (ηBi = 1.00 V) and
Rh1+N@C54N71 (ηBi = 0.73 V) have ultralow overpotential and can be great candidates
for bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts. We find the reason is that
adjusting the charge states of 4d-TM@C54N72 can
tune the interaction strength between the oxygenated intermediates
and the 4d-TM@C54N72, which plays a crucial
role in the activity of reactions. Additionally, the data obtained
through machine learning (ML) application suggest that the electronegativity
(Nm) and bond length of 4d-TM and coordination
atoms (dTM‑OOH) are primary descriptors
characterizing the OER and ORR activities, respectively. The charged
defect tuning of the bifunctional OER/ORR activity for 4d-TM@C54N72 would enable electrocatalytic performance
optimization and the development of potential electrocatalysts for
renewable energy applications
Density Functional Theory Study on the Enhancement Mechanism of the Photocatalytic Properties of the g‑C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/BiOBr(001) Heterostructure
The van der Waals heterostructures fabricated in two
semiconductors
are currently attracting considerable attention in various research
fields. Our study uses density functional theory calculations within
the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof hybrid functional to analyze
the geometric structure and electronic structure of the g-C3N4/BiOBr(001) heterojunction in order to gain a better
understanding of its photocatalytic properties. The calculated band
alignments show that g-C3N4/BiOBr can function
as a type-II heterojunction. In this heterojunction, the electrons
and holes can effectively be separated at the interface. Moreover,
we find that the electronic structure and band alignment of g-C3N4/BiOBr(001) can be tuned using external electric
fields. It is also noteworthy that the optical absorption peak in
the visible region is enhanced under the action of the electric field.
The electric field may even improve the optical properties of the
g-C3N4/BiOBr(001) heterostructure. Given the
results of our calculations, it seems that g-C3N4/BiOBr(001) may be significantly superior to visible light photocatalysis
Data_Sheet_1_Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review.docx
ObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients.MethodsRisk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients were collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid via the internet, covering studies from the establishment of the databases to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used Stata 13.0 for meta-analysis of predictive factors and the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) to evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients, evaluated the predictive performance.ResultsThis analysis included eight studies. Six studies used internal validation to assess the predictive models, while one combined both internal and external validation. The Area Under Curve (AUC) for the models ranged from 0.67 to 0.79. The most common predictors were preoperative dementia or dementia history (OR = 3.123, 95% CI 2.108–4.626, p ConclusionResearch on the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients is still in the developmental stage. The predictive performance of some of the established models achieve expectation and the applicable risk of all models is low, but there are also problems such as high risk of bias and lack of external validation. Medical professionals should select existing models and validate and optimize them with large samples from multiple centers according to their actual situation. It is more recommended to carry out a large sample of prospective studies to build prediction models.Systematic review registrationThe protocol for this systematic review was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registered number CRD42022365258.</p
Data_Sheet_2_Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review.docx
ObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients.MethodsRisk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients were collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid via the internet, covering studies from the establishment of the databases to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used Stata 13.0 for meta-analysis of predictive factors and the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) to evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients, evaluated the predictive performance.ResultsThis analysis included eight studies. Six studies used internal validation to assess the predictive models, while one combined both internal and external validation. The Area Under Curve (AUC) for the models ranged from 0.67 to 0.79. The most common predictors were preoperative dementia or dementia history (OR = 3.123, 95% CI 2.108–4.626, p ConclusionResearch on the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients is still in the developmental stage. The predictive performance of some of the established models achieve expectation and the applicable risk of all models is low, but there are also problems such as high risk of bias and lack of external validation. Medical professionals should select existing models and validate and optimize them with large samples from multiple centers according to their actual situation. It is more recommended to carry out a large sample of prospective studies to build prediction models.Systematic review registrationThe protocol for this systematic review was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registered number CRD42022365258.</p
Bisphenol A Adsorption Properties of Mesoporous CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> Grafted Nonwoven Polypropylene Fiber
Calcium silicate particles containing
mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub> (CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>) on
the surface were grafted
onto polypropylene nonwoven. The PP nonwoven grafted CaSiO<sub>3</sub> containing mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub> (PP-<i>g</i>-CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>) was characterized by TEM and TG. The adsorption
behaviors of bisphenol A (BPA) on PP-<i>g</i>-CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> were investigated. The results indicated
that the large surface area and the Si–OH groups of the material
improved the adsorption capacities and affinity for BPA. The adsorption
rate was fast, and the adsorption capacity was high, even with the
background organic compound alginate sodium. The adsorption mechanism
of BPA by PP-<i>g</i>-CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> was
investigated. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to illustrate
the driving force for the adsorption of BPA. PP-<i>g</i>-CaSiO<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> was prepared simply without using
any organic solvent and could be recycled and reused