Effects of Spin–Orbit Coupling on Nonequilibrium Quantum Transport Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites

The ground-state properties of organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskites (OHHP) are significantly affected by spin–orbit coupling (SOC). In this paper, we report on an investigation of the nonequilibrium quantum transport properties of MAPbI₃ (MA = CH₃NH₃), considering the cases of noncollinear spin polarization including SOC, noncollinear spin polarization excluding SOC, and no spin polarization, using Keldysh nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism combined with density functional theory calculations. Our results indicate that the enhancement of nonequilibrium quantum transport properties is largely determined by SOC. The calculated current density for noncollinear spin polarization including SOC is about 1 order of magnitude higher than that for no spin polarization, resulting from the increase of nonequilibrium transmission coefficient in the bias window and the increase of electron density in the conduction band contributed by the p-state of Pb. The results demonstrate that SOC is essential for understanding the nonequilibrium quantum transport properties of OHHP-based devices

Leptin Promotes Angiogenesis via Pericyte STAT3 Pathway upon Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Angiogenesis is a vital endogenous brain self-repair processes for neurological recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Increasing evidence suggests that leptin potentiates angiogenesis and plays a beneficial role in stroke. However, the proangiogenic effect of leptin on ICH has not been adequately explored. Moreover, leptin triggers post-ICH angiogenesis through pericyte, an important component of forming new blood vessels, which remains unclear. Here, we reported that exogenous leptin infusion dose-dependent promoted vascular endothelial cells survival and proliferation at chronic stage of ICH mice. Additionally, leptin robustly ameliorated pericytes loss, enhanced pericytes proliferation and migration in ICH mice in vivo, and in ICH human brain microvascular pericytes (HBVPC) in vitro. Notably, we showed that pericytes-derived pro-angiogenic factors were responsible for enhancing the survival, proliferation and tube formation followed leptin treatment in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3)/HBVPC co-culture models. Importantly, considerable improvements in neurobehavioral function and hostile microenvironment were observed in leptin treatment ICH mice, indicating that better vascular functionality post ICH improves outcome. Mechanistically, this study unveiled that leptin boost post-ICH angiogenesis potentially through modulation of leptin receptor (leptinR)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in pericyte. Thus, leptin may be a lucrative option for the treatment of ICH