DataSheet_1_Association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and a PRKAR1A gene variant in Carney complex patients: A case report and systematic review.doc

Background and ObjectivesIt is currently controversial whether subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated with PRKAR1A gene variants. We describe a man with subclinical hyperthyroidism and a PRKAR1A gene variant who was diagnosed with Carney complex (CNC), and we performed a systematic review of published studies to assess the association between PRKAR1A gene variants and the risk of subclinical hyperthyroidism.Design and MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, Science Direct, and gray literature electronic databases were searched for articles published from January 2002 to May 2021 using predefined keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data on thyroid function from selected studies were extracted and analyzed.ResultsWe identified a CNC patient with a subclinical hyperthyroidism phenotype combined with multiple components and genetic sequenced data. In a subsequent systematic review, twenty selected studies (14 case studies and 6 series studies) enrolling 23 individuals were included in the final analysis. The patient’s thyroid function data were qualitative in 11 cases and quantitative in 12 cases. The prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism in the CNC patients with a PRKAR1A gene variant, including our patient, was markedly higher than that in the normal population (12.5% vs. 2%)ConclusionsThe findings of this systematic review provide helpful evidence that PRKAR1A gene variants and subclinical hyperthyroidism are related and suggest that subclinical hyperthyroidism may be a neglected phenotype of PRKAR1A gene variants and a novel component of CNC patients.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021197655.</p

Prussian blue-stained KB cells after treatment with (a) FA-targeted group, (b) non-FA-targeted group and (c) FA-inhibited group (×400 magnification).

<p>Prussian blue-stained KB cells after treatment with (a) FA-targeted group, (b) non-FA-targeted group and (c) FA-inhibited group (×400 magnification).</p

Absorption spectra of (A) FA-MAN, (B) MAN and (C) FA.

<p>Absorption spectra of (A) FA-MAN, (B) MAN and (C) FA.</p

DLS measurement of FA-NIR 797-MAN nanospheres.

<p>(a) The graph shows size distribution of of FA-NIR 797-MAN nanospheres in water. (b) Average hydrodynamic diameter change of FA-NIR 797-MAN when incubating in water at 4°C for 7 days.</p

In vivo NIR imaging of three groups at different time intervals after administration of (a) FA-NIR 797-MAN, (b)NIR 797-MAN and (c) FA-NIR-797-MAN+FA.

<p>The tumors were circled with dotted line. (The circular indicates the tumor region). (d) Target-to-background ratio (TBR) of FA-targeted group, non-FA-targeted group and FA-inhibited group at different post-injection time. The data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3), * indicated <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Prussian blue-stained in tumor tissue of nude mice with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after administration of (a) FA-NIR 797-MAN, (b) NIR 797-MAN and (c) FA-NIR-797-MAN+FA at 72 h injection (×200 magnification) (the arrow indicates the blue-stained iron particles).

<p>Prussian blue-stained in tumor tissue of nude mice with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after administration of (a) FA-NIR 797-MAN, (b) NIR 797-MAN and (c) FA-NIR-797-MAN+FA at 72 h injection (×200 magnification) (the arrow indicates the blue-stained iron particles).</p

In vitro cytotoxicity of NIR 797-MAN and FA-NIR 797-MAN.

<p>Each data point shown is the mean ± SD from three independent experiments.</p

Ex vivo NIR imaging of three groups at 72 h intervals after administration of (a) FA-NIR 797-MAN, (b) NIR 797-MAN and (c) FA-NIR-797-MAN+FA.

<p>Ex vivo NIR imaging of three groups at 72 h intervals after administration of (a) FA-NIR 797-MAN, (b) NIR 797-MAN and (c) FA-NIR-797-MAN+FA.</p

Magnetization curve as a function of field for MAN and FA-MAN at a temperature of 25°C.

<p>Magnetization curve as a function of field for MAN and FA-MAN at a temperature of 25°C.</p

CO₂-Switchable Nanoemulsion Based on N,N-dimethyl Oleoaminde-Propylamine (DOAPA) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS)

<p>This research reported a CO₂-switchable nanoemulsion that was formulated by dilution of water in oil microemulsion, which was formed by mixture of N,N-dimethyl oleoaminde-propylamine (DOAPA), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), n-hexane, n-butanol, and water. A reversible switch process was observed between a monophasic nanoemulsion and complete phase separation at R = 1:1 with the CO₂ and N₂ bubbling alternately. The phase separation was not found, but the reversible switch between single phase nanoemulsion was detected by zeta potential, electrical conductivity, and dynamic light scattering at <i>R</i> = 1:1.5 and 1.5:1.</p