Theory of AdaDelSPGD Algorithm in Fiber Laser-Phased Array Multiplex Communication Systems

Stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm is one of the most promising methods for effective coherent beam combination. However, the algorithm also has some disadvantages, such as slow convergence speed and local extremum. This paper proposes an AdaDelSPGD algorithm, which combines an AdaDelta algorithm with a SPGD algorithm, and improves the traditional AdaDelta algorithm with adaptive gain coefficient. It is worth noting that the adaptive gain coefficient can be adjusted in real time to improve the convergence rate. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by relevant simulation experiments, and the results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the convergence speed. Following the experiments with the fiber laser-phased array multiplex communication system, we can draw the conclusion that the addition of communication modulation reduces the beam quality, and the higher the modulation frequency, the worse the beam quality. However, adding the SPGD algorithm can improve the beam quality. The AdaDelSPGD algorithm proposed in this paper can further improve the beam quality, and the bit error rate of communication is also decreased after testing. This provides a foundation for further research on the fiber laser-phased array multiplex communication system

Cross-lagged analysis of reciprocal effects of morphological awareness and reading in Chinese in a multilingual context

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.Background: While much is known about how morphological awareness (MA) contributes to reading development, little attention has been paid to how reading may conversely affect MA development, particularly in readers of Chinese in a bilingual/multilingual setting. Methods: The study adopted a cross-lagged panel design. Young bilingual readers of Chinese were measured in MA, word reading, and reading comprehension – all in Chinese – twice from Grade 3 to Grade 4. Results: Path analysis revealed that Grade 3 MA significantly predicted Grade 4 reading comprehension after controlling for the autoregressive effect. Over and above Grade 3 MA, Grade 3 reading also significantly predicted Grade 4 MA. Subsequent analyses, however, revealed disparate developmental patterns between those with Chinese and English, respectively, as their home language. Implications: These findings, while supporting reciprocity of developmental relationships between MA and reading, also suggested that the pattern of relationships can vary as a function of students’ target language experiences in a bilingual/multilingual setting.The study reported in this paper was part of a large project that examined Singaporean children’s biliteracy development. The project was supported by a grant from the Office of Education Research of National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University (grant number: OER 24/10 ZDB). No views expressed in this paper represent those of the funding agency or any author’s affiliated organization

Elevated ubiquitination contributes to protective immunity against severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Abstract Background The crosstalk between the ubiquitin‐proteasome and the immune system plays an important role in the health and pathogenesis of viral infection. However, there have been few studies of ubiquitin activation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Methods We investigated the effect of ubiquitination on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and patient prognosis by integrating published coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) multi‐transcriptome data and bioinformatics methods. Results The differential expression of COVID‐19 samples revealed changed ubiquitination in most solid and hollow organs, and it was activated in lymphatic and other immune tissues. In addition, in the respiratory system of COVID‐19 patients, the immune response was mainly focused on the alveoli, and the expression of ubiquitination reflected increasing immune infiltration. Ubiquitination stratification could significantly differentiate patients' prognosis and inflammation levels through the general transcriptional analysis of the peripheral blood of patients with COVID‐19. Moreover, high ubiquitination levels were associated with a favourable prognosis, low inflammatory response, and reduced mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit. Moreover, high ubiquitination promoted a beneficial immune response while inhibiting immune damage. Finally, prognostic stratification and biomarker screening based on ubiquitination traits played an important role in clinical management and drug development. Conclusion Ubiquitination characteristics provides new ideas for clinical intervention and prognostic guidance for COVID‐19 patients