Multidimensional tool for assessment of social protection framework - a life cycle approach: conceptualisation, construction and comparison

With the objective of introducing a holistic approach for review and assessment of social protection framework, the Multidimensional Social Protection Index (MSPI) is conceptualised in this paper. While developing the proposed MSPI ‘human life cycle’ has been kept at the centre. Accordingly, three sub-indices representing different life phases namely Young Social Protection Index (YSPI), Adult Social Protection Index (ASPI) and Elderly Social Protection Index (ESPI) are constituted. For ascertaining these sub-indices, social protection programs covering important areas like livelihood, education and health are evaluated by assessing their three dimensions viz. adequacy, coverage and efficacy. For this purpose, a set of indicators are framed. A detailed stepwise methodology for construction of MSPI is presented herein. The study is extended to compute MSPI for Indian states on the basis of selected social protection programs to gauge its practical applicability. Using a seven-step computation methodology presented in this paper, MSPI scores for Indian states are estimated and demonstrated herein with stepwise calculation. Further, a robustness check of MSPI is also conducted; the results reveal that MSPI scores estimated under different scenario are not significantly different and thus endorse the robustness of MSPI and its given methodology. Therefore, this study advocates that MSPI is quantifiable, practically implementable and a robust tool which would enable policy makers in developing benchmarks, assessing gaps, optimising allocation of resources and designing appropriate social protection programs

Development of a technique for testing of tensile properties with miniature size specimens for metal additive manufacturing

The study of mechanical properties of metals provides a basis to decide on the capability of a particular metal for a task and also to make predictions about its life. The concepts of stress, strain and strength of materials are employed in practically every engineering discipline. Mechanical properties such as stiffness, yield strength, tensile strength, ductility, toughness, impact resistance, creep resistance, fatigue resistance and others, influence the design, fabrication and service life of equipment. Therefore, more than one property is considered for the material selection process for an application. For complete understanding of any material and its feasibility for a particular application, inter-related mechanical properties have to be measured. Unfortunately, these properties cannot be measured in any single test. However, the tensile test can be used to measure a number of the most commonly used mechanical properties. Extensive research has already been performed in this area. Standards have been developed and established regarding the size of test specimens, testing procedures and process parameters. This thesis discusses the development of a testing procedure for non-standard tensile tests for evaluation of material properties. Miniature test specimens similar to the standard ASTM E8 were designed and used for testing. The tests were mainly conducted on the baseline material for aerospace industry i.e. Ti-6Al-4V --Abstract, page iv

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BRUGGEMAN FACTORS AS A DIELECTRIC PARAMETERS OF ETHANOL, METHANOL AND PROPANOL WITH DIAZEPAM USING TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY

Objective: The dielectric relaxation study of binary mixture at different concentration and different temperature has been carried out using time domain reflectometry technique in the frequency range of 10MHz to 50MHz. Materials and Methods: Ethanol, Methanol and Propanol with Diazepam used as a binary mixture for the dielectric relaxation study. Results: The dielectric parameters have been determined. The Bruggeman model has been fitted to the dielectric data of mixture. Conclusion: It is concluded that fB shows a small deviation to upper side from the ideal Bruggeman behavior in Ethanol and Propanol and lower side in Methanol with Diazepam binary mixture

Unraveling the Role of Interfaces on the Spall Failure of Cu/Ta Multilayered Systems.

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are carried out to investigate the effects of the type and spacing of FCC/BCC interfaces on the deformation and spall behavior. The simulations are carried out using model Cu/Ta multilayers with six different types of interfaces. The results suggest that interface type can significantly affect the structure and intensity of the incoming shock wave, change the activated slip systems, alter dislocation slip and twinning behavior, affect where and how voids are nucleated during spallation and the resulting spall strength. Moreover, the above aspects are significantly affected by the interface spacing. A transition from homogeneous to heterogeneous dislocation nucleation occurs as the interface spacing is decreased to 6 nm. Depending on interface type and spacing, damage (voids) nucleation and spall failure is observed to occur not only at the Cu/Ta interfaces, but also in the weaker Cu layer interior, or even in the stronger Ta layer interior, although different mechanisms underlie each of these three distinct failure modes. These findings point to the fact that, depending on the combination of interface type and spacing, interfaces can lead to both strengthening and weakening of the Cu/Ta multilayered microstructures

Photoelastic Analysis of Bending Strength of Helical Gear

Photoelastic stress analysis is a technique that provides us with a complete (full-field analysis) stress distribution over an entire object/structural member of interest. It is based on the property of some transparent materials to exhibit colorful patterns when viewed with polarized light. These patterns occur as the result of alteration of the polarized light by the internal stresses into two waves that travel at different velocities. This phenomenon of double refraction is known also as birefringence. The patterns that develop are related to the distribution of the internal stresses and are called the photoelastic effect

Impact of trauma workshop on knowledge, attitude and practice conducted on undergraduate MBBS students

In India the organized trauma care services are restricted only to tertiary care centres and golden hour trauma care is often delayed. We decided to create awareness among the MBBS students by teaching basic trauma management skills since they are the first responders to a trauma victim brought to any hospital setup. This would help improve primary trauma care. Aim: To assess the improvement in knowledge, attitude and practice after primary trauma care workshop in MBBS students Methods and Material: A one day primary trauma care workshop was conducted in our institute for two consecutive years during the annual academic undergraduate conference 2018 and 2019 respectively. The MBBS students enrolled were given a questionnaire to solve before and after the workshop. They received a lecture on triage and hands-on practice on Primary survey, log roll & cervical spine stabilization, Airway management, Intravenous fluids & shock management and Basic life support. Statistical analysis: The pre and post workshop questionnaires were statistically analyzed by paired t-test using software version SPSS 20.0 and a P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Pre workshop 9.9% and 10.5% of the students had above average total score in 2018 and 2019 respectively which increased to 67.6% and 78.5% post workshop. The mean Knowledge, Attitude and Practice scores also improved individually. Conclusion: We should include such workshops in the undergraduate curriculum, it would improve primary trauma care and will reduce trauma related morbidity and mortalit

Ecological Studies of Cestode Parasites of Some Marine Fishes along the Raigad coast (M.S) India

     This communication deals with ecological studies of cestode parasites of some marine fishes along the Raigad coast (M.S) India, over a period of one year (June to December 2006 and January to May 2007). The study highlights at establishing the magnitude of parasitization in different fishes as well as quantifying the host specificity of the parasites and their fish hosts. Fish samples were collected from main landing beaches of Raigad coast: Alibag, Borli, Murud, Dighi and Shrivardhan. The fish sample (Host) examined for parasites included: Rastrelliger kanagurata, Dasyatis bleekeri, Dasyatis walga, Aetomylaeus nichoffii, Chiloscyllium palgiosum, Mobula mobular, Carcharihinus dussumeri and Rhynchobatus djeddensis. This study has revealed that out of 8 fishes examined only 5 species were infected with parasites. Dasyatis bleekari infected with Acanthobothrium and Rhinebothrium; Dasyatis walga infected with Tetragonacephalum and Nybelina: Aetomylaeus nichoffii infected with Hexacanalis and Tylocephalum; Chiloscyllium plagiosum infected with Phyllobothrium: Rhynchobatus djeddensis infected with Tetragonacephalum, out of the 5 species Dasyatis bleekari was the most heavily infected increase with age (size) especially in Aetomylaeus nichoffii where very young fish were rarely infected where as     adult  were heavily infected