654 research outputs found
Mirage cosmology with an unstable probe D3-brane
We consider the mirage cosmology by an unstable probe brane whose action is
represented by BDI action with tachyon. We study how the presence of tachyon
affects the evolution of the brane inflation. At the early stage of the brane
inflation, the tachyon kinetic term can play an important role in curing the
superluminal expansion in mirage cosmology.Comment: 11 pages, improved presentation with some clarifications, typos
corrected, references adde
Development of a standardized in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation set-up
Objective. This study evaluated whether
chest compression in a standardized inhospital
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) set-up can be performed as effectively
as when the rescuer is kneeling beside
the patient lying on the floor. Specifically,
the in-hospital test was standardized
according to the rescuers’ average knee
height.
Methods. Experimental intervention (test
1) was a standardized, in-hospital CPR
set-up: first, the bed height was fixed at 70
cm. Second, the height difference between
the bed and a step stool was set to the average
knee height of the CPR team members
(45 cm). Control intervention (test 2) was
kneeling on floor. Thirty-eight medical
doctors on the CPR team each performed
2 minutes of chest compressions in test 1
and 2 in random order (cross-over trial). A
Little Anne was used as a simulated patient
who had experienced cardiac arrest. Chest
compression parameters, such as average
depth and rate, were measured using an accelerometer
device.
Results. In all tests, the average depths were
those recommended in the most recent
CPR guidelines (50–60 mm); there were no
significant differences between Tests 1 and
2 (53.1 ± 4.3 mm vs. 52.6 ± 4.8 mm, respectively;
p = 0.398). The average rate in Test
2 (119.1 ± 12.4 numbers/min) was slightly
faster than that in Test 1 (116.4 ± 10.2 numbers/
min; p = 0.028). No differences were
observed in any other parameters.
Conclusions. Chest compression quality in
our standardized in-hospital CPR set-up
was similar with that performed in a kneeling
position on the floor.
Trial Registration: Clinical Research Information
Service: KCT000159
EFFECTIVE DOSE MEASUREMENT FOR CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY USING GLASS DOSIMETER
During image-guided radiation therapy, the patient is exposed to unwanted radiation from imaging devices built into the medical LINAC. In the present study, the effective dose delivered to a patient from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) machine was measured. Absorbed doses in specific organs listed in ICRP Publication 103 were measured with glass dosimeters calibrated with kilovolt (kV) X-rays using a whole body physical phantom for typical radiotherapy sites, including the head and neck, chest, and pelvis. The effective dose per scan for the head and neck, chest, and pelvis were 3.37±0.29, 7.36±0.33, and 4.09±0.29 mSv, respectively. The results highlight the importance of the compensation of treatment dose by managing imaging dose
Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels
This study describes how microstructural constituents affected the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of high-strength pipeline steels. The American Petroleum Institute (API) X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels demonstrated complicated microstructure comprising polygonal ferrite (PF), acicular ferrite, granular bainite (GB), bainitic ferrite (BF), and secondary phases, e.g., the martensite-austenite (MA) constituent, and the volume fraction of the microstructures was dependent on alloying elements and processing conditions. To evaluate the hydrogen embrittlement resistance, a slow strain rate test (SSRT) was performed after electrochemical hydrogen charging. The SSRT results indicated that the X80 steel with the highest volume fraction of the MA constituent demonstrated relatively high yield strength but exhibited the lowest hydrogen embrittlement resistance because the MA constituent acted as a reversible hydrogen trap site
Primary Diffuse Leptomeningeal Gliomatosis: Report of a Case Presenting with Chronic Meningitis
Neoplastic meningitis occurs in approximately 5% of patients with cancer. Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis is a rare condition whereby a glioma arises from heterotopic cell nests in the leptomeninges. We report here a case presenting with clinical features similar to those of chronic infectious meningitis without positive cerebrospinal fluid cytology. Neurological signs in our patient deteriorated progressively without responding to antitubercular, antiviral, or antibiotic therapy. Leptomeningeal biopsy sampling revealed the condition to be primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass during FOLFIRINOX is a favorable prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients
Objective
The study aimed to investigate the effect of body composition changes during chemotherapy on clinical outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Results
In patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle (SM) and adipose tissue (AT) at the level of third lumbar vertebra was measured. The SM and AT ratios indicated the changes during chemotherapy. The patients were classified into three groups based on these ratios: group 1, ≥ 1.00; group 2, 0.85–0.99; group 3, < 0.85. The overall survival (OS) and surgical resection rates were estimated. Fifty-eight patients with LAPC who received first-line FOLFIRINOX were analyzed. Fifteen (25.9%) patients who underwent resection showed maintained BMI, SM, and AT as compared to the patients who did not undergo resection. As the SM ratio decreased, the risk for death increased significantly. Further, the resection rate was significantly higher in patients with maintained SM compared to those with low SM ratio. On the contrary, the change in AT ratio was not associated with OS and resection rate; however, significant decrease in AT more than 15% showed poor clinical outcomes. Maintenance of SM during chemotherapy is a reliable prognostic factor indicating longer OS and higher resection rate
Enhanced light harvesting in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices with shape-controlled Ag nanomaterials: Ag nanoparticles versus Ag nanoplates
Enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE(%)) with improved optical path length from two types of shape controlled silver (Ag) materials (Ag nanoplates versus Ag nanoparticles (NPs)) was studied in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6,6]-phenyl C 71 butyric acid methyl-ester (PC 71BM) or poly[N-9′′-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4′, 7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT)/[6,6]-phenyl C 71 butyric acid methyl-ester (PC 71BM) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices. The Ag nanoplates and Ag NPs can be synthesized by simple solution polyol chemistry with well defined size and shape. A BHJ with a 0.5 wt% optimized blend ratio of Ag nanoplates shows improved cell performance and photo-current density than a BHJ with Ag NPs owing to the enhanced light absorption with the results of an excitation of localized surface plasmon and efficient light scattering by the Ag nanoplates embedded BHJ film. When the BHJ is combined with the Ag nanoplates at an optimized ratio of 0.5 wt%, the PCE (%) increases from 3.2% to 4.4% in P3HT/PC 71BM, and from 5.9% to 6.6% in PCDTBT/PC 71BM BHJ devices. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.1
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