1,754 research outputs found
Hemodynamic evaluation using four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging for a patient with multichanneled aortic dissection
The hemodynamic function of multichanneled aortic dissection (MCAD) requires close monitoring and effective management to avoid potentially catastrophic sequelae. This report describes a 47-year-old man who underwent endovascular repair based on findings from four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging of an MCAD. The acquired 4D flow data revealed complex, bidirectional flow patterns in the false lumens and accelerated blood flow in the compressed true lumen. The collapsed abdominal true lumen expanded unsatisfactorily after primary tear repair, which required further remodeling with bare stents. This case study demonstrates that hemodynamic analysis using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging can help understand the complex pathologic changes of MCAD
Simultaneous strain and temperature measurement using a superstructure fiber Bragg grating
Author name used in this publication: Xiao-Ming Tao2000-2001 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe
Highly stable fiber Bragg gratings written in hydrogen-loaded fiber
Author name used in this publication: Xiao-Ming Tao2000-2001 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe
The association of HBV core promoter double mutations (A1762T and G1764A) with viral load differs between HBeAg positive and anti-HBe positive individuals: A longitudinal analysis
Background/Aims: Although there have been a few reports regarding the effect of basal core promoter (BCP) double mutations (A1762T and G1764A) on hepatitis B viral loads, the association remains uncertain. We aim to determine the association after controlling for HBeAg - a strong confounding factor.Methods: We selected randomly 190 individuals from a Chinese cohort of 2258 subjects for cross-sectional analysis and 56 of the 190 for longitudinal analysis of viral loads.Results: In multivariable analysis of the cross-sectional data, BCP double mutations are significantly associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg positive subjects but no difference was found in anti-HBe positive subjects. Triple mutations at nucleotide (nt) 1753, 1762 and 1764 and mutations between nt 1809 and 1817, precore stop mutation (nt 1896) and genotype are not associated with viral loads in either HBeAg or anti-HBe positive subjects. Analysis of the longitudinal data yielded similar results to the cross-sectional data. Viral loads differ significantly between individuals infected with wild-type and BCP double mutations prior to HBeAg seroconversion but this difference is lost after seroconversion.Conclusions: BCP double mutations are associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg positive individuals but have no effect on the viral loads of anti-HBe positive individuals. (C) 2008 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Growth of long-period gratings in H₂-loaded fiber after 193-nm UV inscription
2000-2001 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe
Hepatitis B virus X gene in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma
Key Messages 1. Deletion of the 3’end of the hepatitis B virus X gene (HBx) was frequently detected in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples. 2. In vivo animal tumour xenograft experiments demonstrated the tumourigenic ability of the C-terminal truncated HBx. 3. cDNA microarray study suggested that the C-terminal truncated HBx played a critical role in the HCC development via activation of cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.published_or_final_versio
A scheme for demodulation of fiber grating sensors with high resolution
2000-2001 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe
High wall stress may predict the formation of stent-graft-induced new entries after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
PURPOSE: To explore the potential role of morphological factors and wall stress in the formation of stent-graft-induced new entries (SINE) based on computed tomography (CT) images after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). CASE REPORT: Two female patients aged 59 years (patient 1) and 44 years (patient 2) underwent TEVAR for type B dissection in the chronic (patient 1) or subacute (patient 2) phase. CT scans at 3-month follow-up showed varying degrees of false lumen thrombosis in both patients. At 14-month follow-up, a SINE was observed in patient 1 while the dissected aorta in the other patient remained stable. Morphological and finite element analyses were performed based on the first follow-up CT images. The computational results showed that the SINE patient had higher stent-graft tortuosity than the non-SINE patient and much higher wall stress in the region close to the distal SINE. CONCLUSION: This case study suggests that high stent-graft tortuosity can lead to high wall stress, which is potentially linked to the formation of SINE. Further large population-based studies are needed to confirm this preliminary finding
The treatability of trace organic pollutants in WWTP effluent and associated biotoxicity reduction by advanced treatment processes for effluent quality improvement
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd As increasing attention is paid to surface water protection, there has been demand for improvements of domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. This has led to the application of many different advanced treatment processes (ATPs). In this study, the treatability of trace organic pollutants in secondary effluent (SE) and associated biotoxicity reduction by four types of ATPs, including coagulation, granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption, ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and photocatalysis, and ozonation, were investigated at the bench-scale. The ATPs showed different removal capacity for the 48 chemicals, which were classified into seven categories. EDCs, herbicides, bactericides and pharmaceuticals were readily degraded, and insecticides, flame retardants, and UV filters were relatively resistant to removal. During these processes, the efficiency of the ATPs in reducing four biological effects were investigated. Of the four biological effects, the estrogenic activity from SE was not detected using the yeast estrogen screen. In contrast with genotoxicity and photosynthesis inhibition, bacterial cytotoxicity posed by SE was the most difficult biological effect to reduce with these ATPs. GAC adsorption and ozonation were the most robust treatment processes for reducing the three detected biotoxicities. UV photolysis and photocatalysis showed comparable efficiencies for the reduction of genotoxicity and photosynthesis inhibition. However, coagulation only performed well in genotoxicity reduction. The effect-based trigger values for the four bioassays, that were derived from the existing environmental quality standards and from HC5 (hazardous concentration for 5% of aquatic organisms), were all used to select and optimize these ATPs for ecological safety. Conducting ATPs in more appropriate ways could eliminate the negative effects of WWTP effluent on receiving water bodies
Robust and ultrafast state preparation by ramping artificial gauge potentials
Funder: Royal Society under the Newton International FellowshipThe implementation of static artificial magnetic fields in ultracold atomic
systems has become a powerful tool, e.g. for simulating quantum-Hall physics
with charge-neutral atoms. Taking an interacting bosonic flux ladder as a
minimal model, we investigate protocols for adiabatic state preparation via
magnetic flux ramps. Considering the fact that it is actually the artificial
vector potential (in the form of Peierls phases) that can be experimentally
engineered in optical lattices, rather than the magnetic field, we find that
the time required for adiabatic state preparation dramatically depends on which
pattern of Peierls phases is used. This can be understood intuitively by noting
that different patterns of time-dependent Peierls phases that all give rise to
the same magnetic field ramp, generally lead to different artificial electric
fields during the ramp. Remarkably, we find that an optimal choice allows for
preparing the ground state almost instantaneously. We relate this observation
to shortcuts to adiabaticity via counterdiabatic driving. Our findings open new
possibilities for robust state preparation in atomic quantum simulators
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