Modular Invariance for Twisted Modules over a Vertex Operator Superalgebra

The purpose of this paper is to generalize Zhu's theorem about characters of modules over a vertex operator algebra graded by integer conformal weights, to the setting of a vertex operator superalgebra graded by rational conformal weights. To recover SL_2(Z)-invariance of the characters it turns out to be necessary to consider twisted modules alongside ordinary ones. It also turns out to be necessary, in describing the space of conformal blocks in the supersymmetric case, to include certain `odd traces' on modules alongside traces and supertraces. We prove that the set of supertrace functions, thus supplemented, spans a finite dimensional SL_2(Z)-invariant space. We close the paper with several examples.Comment: 42 pages. Published versio

Spin transfer and polarization of antihyperons in lepton induced reactions

We study the polarization of antihyperon in lepton induced reactions such as $e^+e^-\to\bar H+X$ and $l+p\to l'+\bar H+X$ with polarized beams using different models for spin transfer in high energy fragmentation processes. We compare the results with the available data and those for hyperons. We make predictions for future experiments.Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev. D. content changed, references adde

Nonequilibrium Kondo Effect in a Multi-level Quantum Dot near singlet-triplet transition

The linear and nonlinear transport through a multi-level lateral quantum dot connected to two leads is investigated using a generalized finite-$U$ slave-boson mean field approach. For a two-level quantum dot, our calculation demonstrates a substantial conductance enhancement near the degeneracy point of the spin singlet and triplet states, a non-monotonic temperature-dependence of conductance and a sharp dip and nonzero bias maximum of the differential conductance. These agree well with recent experiment observations. This two-stage Kondo effect in an out-of-equilibrium situation is attributed to the interference between the two energy levels.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Constraints on B--->pi,K transition form factors from exclusive semileptonic D-meson decays

According to the heavy-quark flavour symmetry, the $B\to \pi, K$ transition form factors could be related to the corresponding ones of D-meson decays near the zero recoil point. With the recent precisely measured exclusive semileptonic decays $D \to \pi \ell \nu$ and $D\to K \ell \nu$, we perform a phenomenological study of $B \to \pi, K$ transition form factors based on this symmetry. Using BK, BZ and Series Expansion parameterizations of the form factor slope, we extrapolate $B \to \pi, K$ transition form factors from $q^{2}_{max}$ to $q^{2}=0$. It is found that, although being consistent with each other within error bars, the central values of our results for $B \to \pi, K$ form factors at $q^2=0$, $f_+^{B\to \pi, K}(0)$, are much smaller than predictions of the QCD light-cone sum rules, but are in good agreements with the ones extracted from hadronic B-meson decays within the SCET framework. Moreover, smaller form factors are also favored by the QCD factorization approach for hadronic B-meson decays.Comment: 19 pages, no figure, 5 table

Logarithmic intertwining operators and vertex operators

This is the first in a series of papers where we study logarithmic intertwining operators for various vertex subalgebras of Heisenberg vertex operator algebras. In this paper we examine logarithmic intertwining operators associated with rank one Heisenberg vertex operator algebra $M(1)_a$, of central charge $1-12a^2$. We classify these operators in terms of {\em depth} and provide explicit constructions in all cases. Furthermore, for $a=0$ we focus on the vertex operator subalgebra L(1,0) of $M(1)_0$ and obtain logarithmic intertwining operators among indecomposable Virasoro algebra modules. In particular, we construct explicitly a family of {\em hidden} logarithmic intertwining operators, i.e., those that operate among two ordinary and one genuine logarithmic L(1,0)-module.Comment: 32 pages. To appear in CM

Random matrices with external source and KP τ\tau functions

In this paper we prove that the partition function in the random matrix model with external source is a KP $\tau$ function.Comment: 12 pages, title change

The readout of the fullerene-based quantum computing by a scanning tunneling microscope

We consider to detect the electron spin of a doped atom, i.e., a nitrogen or a phosphorus, caged in a fullerene by currently available technique of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), which actually corresponds to the readout of a qubit in the fullerene-based quantum computing. Under the conditions of polarized STM current and Coulomb blockade, we investigate the tunneling matrix elements involving the exchange coupling between the tunneling polarized electrons and the encapsulated polarized electron, and calculate the variation of the tunneling current with respect to different orientations of the encapsulated electron spin. The experimental feasibility of our scheme is discussed under the consideration of some imperfect factors.Comment: RevTex file, 3 figures. To appear in New Journal of Physic

Wave Excitation in Disks Around Rotating Magnetic Stars

The accretion disk around a rotating magnetic star (neutron star, white dwarf or T Tauri star) is subjected to periodic vertical magnetic forces from the star, with the forcing frequency equal to the stellar spin frequency or twice the spin frequency. This gives rise bending waves in the disk that may influence the variabilities of the system. We study the excitation, propagation and dissipation of these waves using a hydrodynamical model coupled with a generic model description of the magnetic forces. The $m=1$ bending waves are excited at the Lindblad/vertical resonance, and propagate either to larger radii or inward toward the corotation resonance where dissipation takes place. While the resonant torque is negligible compared to the accretion torque, the wave nevertheless may reach appreciable amplitude and can cause or modulate flux variabilities from the system. We discuss applications of our result to the observed quasi-periodic oscillations from various systems, in particular neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries.Comment: Small changes/clarifications. To be published in ApJ, Aug.20,2008 issu

Neutrino masses in the economical 3-3-1 model

We show that, in frameworks of the economical 3-3-1 model, the suitable pattern of neutrino masses arises from the three quite different sources - the lepton-number conserving, the spontaneous lepton-number breaking and the explicit lepton-number violating, widely ranging over the mass scales including the GUT one: $u\sim O(1) \mathrm{GeV}$, $v\approx 246 \mathrm{GeV}$, \om\sim O(1) \mathrm{TeV} and $\mathcal{M}\sim \mathcal{O}(10^{16}) \mathrm{GeV}$. At the tree-level, the model contains three Dirac neutrinos: one massless, two large with degenerate masses in the order of the electron mass. At the one-loop level, the left-handed and right-handed neutrinos obtain Majorana masses $M_{L,R}$ in orders of $10^{-2}-10^{-3} \mathrm{eV}$ and degenerate in $M_R=-M_L$, while the Dirac masses get a large reduction down to $\mathrm{eV}$ scale through a finite mass renormalization. In this model, the contributions of new physics are strongly signified, the degenerations in the masses and the last hierarchy between the Majorana and Dirac masses can be completely removed by heavy particles. All the neutrinos get mass and can fit the data.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure

Residue codes of extremal Type II Z_4-codes and the moonshine vertex operator algebra

In this paper, we study the residue codes of extremal Type II Z_4-codes of length 24 and their relations to the famous moonshine vertex operator algebra. The main result is a complete classification of all residue codes of extremal Type II Z_4-codes of length 24. Some corresponding results associated to the moonshine vertex operator algebra are also discussed.Comment: 21 pages, shortened from v