Estimated airborne concentrations of six human cytokines produced in single-pass aerosol chamber.

<p>Data shown for estimated expected airborne concentrations (pg/m³ air) of six different human cytokines as calculated by Equation 1 (N = 2; 95% CI).</p

Schematic diagram of single-pass aerosol chamber with HEART nebulizer.

<p>Single-pass aerosol chamber set up used for nebulization and collection of aerosolized human cytokines. 2010©-The MITRE Corporation Approved for Public Release: 10–1260. Distribution Unlimited.</p

Comparison of mean collection efficiencies by sampling device type.

<p>Tukey Box Plot of mean collection efficiencies calculated using Equation 3 of six human cytokines using different collection devices in a single-pass aerosol chamber (N = 36; 3 filters assayed in duplicate for each of 6 different cytokines, 95% CI). * indicates significance at P<0.05.</p

Participant's sex, symptoms, temperature, and influenza virus type.

a<p>Self-reported.</p>b<p>At time of exhaled breath measurement.</p

Copy number coarse and fine exhaled particles without surgical mask by day since onset of influenza symptoms.

a<p>Because there were only single cases studied on day 0 (day of onset) and on day 5 since onset of symptoms, only data for cases studied on days 1 through 4 after onset of symptoms are shown.</p

Influenza virus copy number in aerosol particles exhaled by patients with and without wearing of an ear-loop surgical mask.

<p>Counts below the limit of detection are represented as 0.5 on the log scale.</p

Summary of experiments and methods.

<p>Summary of experiments and methods.</p

Descriptive statistics.

a<p> <b>At time of exhaled breath measurement.</b></p

Effect of sampling time and initial starting concentration on cytokine collection.

<p>Mean cytokine levels (pg) of six human cytokines collected using Teflon filters in aerosol chamber for 10, 20 and 30 minutes at starting concentrations of 1, 10 and 25 pg/mL. 95% CI bars are shown (N = 48, 4 filters assayed in duplicate for each of 6 cytokines).</p

Effect of storage condition on mean cytokine levels.

<p>Mean cytokine levels (pg) across five different storage conditions (95% CI, N = 156, 6 filters assayed in duplicate for each of 13 human cytokines). <b>*</b> indicates statistically significant difference from No Storage control condition (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, P<0.05).</p