The Dipole Moment of Styrene

The dipole moment of styrene, calculated from eighteen solutions ranging in weight fraction from 0 - 100%, was found to be 0.181 D. The method and results of the measurement were compared to the method and results of Petro and Smyth for the same compound. It was concluded that the atomic polarization in styrene in small, and thus is taken into account by the measurement of the molar refraction at the sodium D line. It was further proposed that the relatively large dipole moments of trans-p, βdinitrostyrene and trans-p, βdicyano-styrene may be due, at least in part, to abnormally large atomic polarizations

The Dipole Moments and Molar Refractions of Several Trans-Beta-Nitrostyrenes

The dipole moments and molar refractions are reported for p-nitrostyrene (4.24 D, 44.3 ml.), trans-betanitrostyrene (4.50 D, 45.7 ml.), the p-methoxy (5.45 D, 56.3 ml.), p-methyl (4.97 D, 52.0 ml.), p-fluoro (3-12 D, 45.5ml), p-chloro (2.90 D, 51.8 ml.), p-bromo (3.02 D, 54.4 ml.), p-iodo (3.26 D, 58.0 ml.), p-nitro (0.83 D, 52.0 ml.), and p-cyano 0.96 D, 47.9 ml.) derivatives of trans-beta-nitrostyrene. It is suggested that the large dipole moments obtained for the p-nitro and p-cyano-beta-nitrostyrenes may be due to unusually large atomic polarizations which would not be taken into consideration by the present method of measurement and calculation

The Dipole Moments, Molar Refractions and Ultraviolet Spectra of Several Substituted, β-Alkyl-β-Nitrostyrenes

The dipole moments, molar refractions, and some ultraviolet absorption data ( λmax and εmax) are reported for β -methyl- β -nitrostyrene (4.25 D, 51.8 ml, 307 mμ., 12,200), the p-methoxy (5.04 D, 59.2 ml), p-methyl (4.66 D, 54.8 ml), p-fluoro (2.82 D, 49.5 ml, 308 mμ, 11,000), p-chloro (2.68 D, 54.5 ml, 310 mμ, 14,200), p-bromo (2.71 D, 55.8 ml, 308 mμ, 17,000), p-iodo (2.91 D, 62.8 ml, 318 mμ, 15,500), p-nitro (1.12 D, 55.1 ml, 302 mμ, 16,600), & p-cyano (1.15 D, 54.5 ml, 294 mμ, 16,500) derivatives of β -methyl- β -nitrostyrene. The same data are reported for β-ethyl-β-nitrostyrene (4.15 D, 52.1 ml, 306 mμ, 9,800), the p-methoxy (5.07 D, 63.3 ml, 346 mμ, 15,600), p-methyl (4.73 D, 63.0 ml, 325 mμ, 8,500), p-fluoro (2.77 D, 52.7 ml, 309 mμ, 10,300), p-chloro (2.71 D, 60.6 ml, 312 mμ, 12,300), p-bromo (2.77 D, 60.7 ml, 313 mμ, 13,000), p-iodo (2.99 D, 69.1 ml, 320 mμ, 15,100), p-nitro (1.12 D, 64.4 ml, 300 mμ, 16,500) & p-cyano (1.31 D, 56.2 ml, 292 mμ, 15,000) derivatives of β-ethyl-β-nitrostyrene. The ultraviolet absorptions are also reported for the P-fluoro (313 mμ, 16,100), p-bromo (314 mμ, 21,900), p-iodo (323 mμ, 17,400), and the p-cyano (299 mμ, 21,100) derivatives of trans-β-nitrostyrene