Laboratory detections, by month and year, in children under 5 years with acute lower respiratory infection, Dhaka, 2004—2008.

<p>Laboratory detections, by month and year, in children under 5 years with acute lower respiratory infection, Dhaka, 2004—2008.</p

Nasopharyngeal wash samples collected and laboratory detections, by month, in children under 5 years with acute lower respiratory infection, Dhaka, 2004—2008.

<p>Nasopharyngeal wash samples collected and laboratory detections, by month, in children under 5 years with acute lower respiratory infection, Dhaka, 2004—2008.</p

T-cell proliferation responses in patients with <i>S</i>. Typhi bacteremia.

<p>T-cell proliferation responses against <i>S</i>. Typhi specific membrane preparation (MP), control proteins phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) at early and late convalescent stages of disease in <i>S</i>. Typhi bacteremic patients and in healthy controls (HC). Stimulation index was calculated as the ratio of net cpm with antigen to net cpm without antigen (only media). Mean with standard error of mean (SEM) are shown for T1 (at day of enrolment), T2 (at early convalescence: 7–10 days after enrolment) and T3 (at late convalescence: 21–28 days after enrolment). Statistical difference between patients and age-matched healthy control (HC): *.</p

Plasma antibody responses to MP in patients with <i>S</i>. Typhi bacteremia.

<p>Anti-MP-IgA (2a), anti-MP-IgG (2b) and anti-MP-IgM (2c) responses are shown as mean with standard error of mean (SEM) for T1 (at day of enrolment), T2 (at early convalescence: 7–10 days after enrolment) and T3 (at late convalescence: 21–28 days after enrolment). Statistical difference between patients and age-matched healthy control (HC): *. MP: <i>S</i>. Typhi membrane preparation.</p

Baseline information and clinical characteristics of patients with typhoid fever.

<p>^a<i>p</i> < 0.05 when compared to young children</p><p>^b<i>p</i> < 0.05 when compared to older children</p><p>Baseline information and clinical characteristics of patients with typhoid fever.</p

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolated strains from the patients of three age groups.

<p>Results are n (%).</p><p>*MDR, multidrug-resistant (resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole).</p><p>^a<i>p</i> < 0.05 when compared to young children.</p><p>Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolated strains from the patients of three age groups.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Arsenic exposure is associated with pediatric pneumonia in rural Bangladesh: a case control study

Case characteristics by presence of convalescent urine sample. (DOC 91 kb

Comparison of TPTest results using various techniques.

<p>(<b>A</b>) The TPTest was carried out using leukocytes recovered by various techniques: density gradient centrifugation, erythrocyte lysis buffer, and buffy coat separation. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the responses of different blood cell separation methods. RBC, red blood cell. (<b>B</b>) Comparison of TPTest results using peripheral blood mononuclear cells incubated at 37°C in the presence or absence of supplemental CO₂. >10 ELISA units was considered a positive TPTest (see text).</p

TPTest results in different study groups.

*<p>>10 ELISA unit was considered a positive TPTest (see text).</p

Sensitivity, specificity (with 95% confidence intervals in parenthesis) of TPTest for diagnosing enteric fever.

a<p>Calculated using a two by two table.</p