30 research outputs found
Historical preconditions for the formation of a quality control system for forensic examinations
The purpose of the work was to evaluate and analyze, from a historical perspective, the literature and the provisions of regulatory documents on quality control of forensic examinations, the definition of defects and their prevention at all stages of forensic examination.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ
The value of the quality of forensic medical examination of the corpse for the investigator.
The influence of the defect of forensic examination of the corpse on the work of the investigative bodies has been shown. The need to control the quality of the forensic medical expert with the corpse and the feasibility of developing criteria for the quality of professional activity of the expert was determined.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΡΡΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
The defect of medical care is a crime committed by a doctor
The variant of the forensic medical assessment of the quality of medical care was presented, this defect is a criminal offence, measures to prevent such offenses are necessaryΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
Phenotype of circulating neutrophils at different stages of cervical neoplasia
At the present time, there is no common point of view to the role of circulating neutrophils (NP) in emergence and development of neoplasia. It is suggested that due to high functional plasticity, the neutrophils may exhibit both pro- and antitumor activity. In order to study the NP phenotype at different stages of cervical neoplasia (CN), we have evaluated their absolute and relative amounts, myeloperoxidase activity, spontaneous and induced NST-test markers, and the level of intracellular cationic proteins. Spontaneous production of elastase and active forms of matrix metalloproteinases, the levels of IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, IFNy, G-CSF were determined in the NP cell lysates and in blood serum. The formation of extracellular traps (NET) was evaluated using 1-day cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an inducer. We examined 31 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 21 primary patients with cervical cancer (CC, Ia stage according to FIGO scale), as well as 25 practically healthy women. We revealed increased spontaneous and inducible oxygen-dependent cytolytic and phagocytic activity and spontaneous production of NET if compared to normal values, along with decreased absolute NP numbers in patients with CIN, thus suggesting the antitumor activity of NP. The levels of βpro-tumorβ cytokines (MMP-9, IL-2 and G-CSF) become increased over normal levels as early as at the CIN stage, both for the neutrophils and blood plasma. High levels of regulatory IFNy and neutrophil-priming IL-8 in blood plasma do not presume any use of exogenous NP-activating factors at the stage of cervical dysplasia. At the initial stage of cervical cancer, the absolute NP amounts are significantly increased compared to normal counts. However, despite increased spontaneous oxygen-dependent cytolytic activity, the NPs have a significantly reduced activity of phagocytosis and sharply increased spontaneous production of NET, thus, generally, being characteristic to the βpro-tumorousβ NP phenotype. IL-2 levels are elevated, and MMP-9 values are still increased in NP and blood plasma of patients with CC (stage Ia). Hence, the obtained results suggest some changes of NP phenotype to a pro-tumorous pattern during transition from intraepithelial dysplasia to cervical cancer. These results allowed us to design an algorithm for examining women with suspected cervical cancer, including IL-2 measurement in blood serum, and MMP-9 amounts in the NP lysates
Problems of forensic medical diagnosis of fatal poisoning drug Β«designΒ»
The article considers methods of determining "designer" drugs in biological materials and issues of the legal status of methods. It is noted that there are methods of chemical-toxicological diagnosis, which allow to determine the presence of foreign chemicals in biological materials, potentially capable of causing psychotic reactions. However, there are certain legal conditions for the classification of chemical compounds as analogues of drugs or the inclusion in the list of drugs, which complicates the production of forensic medical examination.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Β«Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β» Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ
Divergence of clinical and morphological diagnoses due to the objective complexity of differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma
It is necessary to develop a unified approach for differential diagnosis in complex clinical cases.It is required to develop an objective method for determining the possibility of timely diagnosis in a medical organization.ΠΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Πnalysis of lethal acute poisonings in Yekaterinburg and Sverdlovsk region
Importance of poisonings and problems of medicolegal diagnostics have been defined. The analysis of lethal poisonings indexes in Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk region) has been presented. Optimization of medical institutions has been concluded.ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π³. ΠΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π±ΡΡΠ³Π΅, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈ
Analysis of opinions of employers about the level of preparation of doctors-forensic experts
Π’he analysis of opinions of employers about the level of training of doctors on a speciality "forensic medical examination", about the peculiarities of realization of the educational program in the specialty at the Department of forensic medicine was assessed. Π’he positive experience of interaction between the University departments and clinical bases was marked.ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β«ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°Β», ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ
Experience of teaching students pediatric faculty on a series of "Legal foundations of medical practice"
the first experience of the Department of forensic medicine to students of pediatric faculty on the responsibility of the physician in providing medical care was assessed; the opinion of the students about the classes on the cycle was analyzedΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»
Risk factors for development of lung fat embolism in casualties with severe mechanical trauma
One of the common and difficult to predict complications of injuries is fat embolism. Lethality rate is up to 67% even with intensive modern therapy. The variety of manifestations of fat embolism, the lack of a unified theory of its occurrence and development, the multiplicity and ambiguity of risk factors for fat embolism make it necessary to study in detail the risk factors for the development of fat embolism for its effective prevention and timely therapy. The results of forensic studies of corpses have been studied. The risk of fat embolism is correlated with the functional state of the organism at the time of injury, the peculiarities of injury, the presence and duration of medical care. Statistical processing of the obtained data using the program MedCalc Statistical for biomedical research, software manual (2014) has been performed. Direct negative regression of the ratio of soft tissue and internal organ damage to the degree of fat embolism has been reliably revealed. A slight direct positive regression between the extent of skeletal bone damage and the degree of fat embolism has been found. The development of fat embolism is associated with the presence of infectious and inflammatory processes in the lungs in 30-40% of cases. The fact of polytrauma does not significantly affect the degree of fat embolism. It was reliably determined that a high degree of fat embolism in a smaller part of cases was diagnosed with a combination of soft tissue damage and internal organs. Currently, the existing schemes of medical care for victims do not have a significant impact on the development of fat embolism. A detailed analysis of the provisions of biochemical and colloidal-chemical theories of fat embolism development is necessary for the development and implementation of recommendations for the prevention of embolism in certain categories of traumatological patients.ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎ 67%. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ MedCalc Statistic for biomedical research, software manual 2014. Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ; ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π² 30-40% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π². Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ². Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
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