GENESIS OF HYPOXIC CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS WITH OPEN FRACTURES OF SHIN BONES IN DYNAMICS OF TREATMENT BY ILIZAROV’S METHOD

Indices of energy metabolism in blood serum and partial oxygen and. carbon dioxide pressure in the injured limb tissues were studied in dynamics in 32 patients with open leg fractures (Kaplan-Markova type I-II B, C) during their treatment with the Ilizarov method. It was revealed that circulatory hypoxia, complicated by hemic hypoxia and followed by tissue hypoxia developed sequentially in the tissues of the injured limb segment in the posttraumatic period

STATE OF VEGETATIVE INTENSITY OF FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS OF ORGANISM OF PATIENTS WITH DYSONTOGENETIC COXARTHROSIS AT THE TREATMENT BY ILIZAROV APPARATUS

The estimation of state of vegetative nervous system (by cardiointervalography) in 20 children and. adolescents of 10-17 years (13,5 ± 2,1 years in average) with dysplastic coxarthrosis was realized. The study showed that before the treatment increase of activity of sympathetic nervous system prevails. During the first week after surgery acetylcholine type of regulation of heart rate accompanied by increased activity of sympathetic division of vegetative nervous system was registered. Postoperative treatment time (during 1 month) and. increased physical activity contribute to the restoration of regulatory systems to the original level. During the treatment by Ilizarov apparatus the decrease of level of tolerance to hypoxia and. decrease of processes of general adaptation are registered

History of biomechanical research at the Ilizarov Centre (to the 100th anniversary of Academician G.A. Ilizarov)

Background. Biomechanical studies of both the Ilizarov apparatus itself and the physiological system “apparatus – limb” occupy a significant place in the history of the formation and elaboration of the Ilizarov method, developed in the middle of the last century at the Kurgan Research Institute of Experimental Traumatology and Orthopaedics (nowadays – the world-famous Centre named after its creator). The analysis of the history of biomechanical research in the formation of Ilizarov method is not without interest.The aim. To analyze the history and stages of development of biomechanical research in order to substantiate the effectiveness of the Ilizarov method of transosseous osteosynthesis.Results. The national medical industry did not produce the appropriate equipment for biomechanical research in the early 1970s. That is why a group of engineers was included into the Laboratory of Clinical Physiology and Biomechanics (established in 1971) of the Ilizarov Centre, which created equipment for studying the processes in the tissues of the limbs and in the structure of the Ilizarov apparatus itself during its traction and compression impact on biological structures. The community of physicians, scientists and engineers made it possible to overcome a number of difficulties and problems. In their scientific publications and dissertations, the laboratory staff paid great attention to biomechanical research during transosseous osteosynthesis with the Ilizarov apparatus. At present, the staff of the Ilizarov Centre continues the traditions established by G.A. Ilizarov. For the first time in our country, a computer 3D video analysis of the kinematics and kinetics of orthopedic patients gait was introduced; it was supplemented with embedded software for the preparation of a clinical report of human gait biomechanics.Conclusions. The initial stage of the biomechanical research at the Ilizarov Centre included the creation of the research equipment. Subsequently, the biomechanical studies carried out by the staff of the Centre for almost half a century have shown an applied and functional result of the realization of general biological regularities of the Ilizarov’s discovery. At present, the biomechanical research continues at a higher level with the use of modern high-tech equipment

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF FEMALE PATIENTS WITH LOWER EXTREMITIES DEFORMATIONS

2 groups of patients of different age with varus deformity of lower extremities bones (19 patients with phosphate-diabetes (PD) and 36 patients without this disease) were examined. Control group consisted of 50 healthy female coevals. Patients with PD had. lag in lengthwise body growth, decrease of contractive ability of extremities' muscles, decrease of speed and power characteristics of locomotions, decrease of availability. Patients with,deformations of bones but without PD had. decrease of shin muscle power, weakening of balance function of a foot and. decrease of load, on foot segments while walking

Analysis of the Degree of Involvement of the Lower Limb Muscles in the Pathological Process in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis

Background. The problem of the effect of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis on the functional condition of the lower limb muscles is still highlighted insufficiently.Aim. Analysis of the degree of involvement of the lower limb muscles in the pathological process in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.Methods. A comparative analysis has been made on the results of examination of 209 adolescents: 25 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis; 170 normal adolescents; 14 adolescents with congenital scoliosis. The moments of force ofthe lower limb muscles were evaluated using dynamometric stands. Electrophysiological characteristics of the lower limb muscles were registered by the method of global and stimulation electroneuromyography.Results. The decrease in the amplitude of voluntary EMG of the femoral muscles in adolescents with idiopathic and congenital scoliosis is accompanied by dropping the moments of force relative to the values of the control group. The leg muscles are characterized by the preservation of the values of force at the level of normal test subjects under the conditions of the reduced voluntary EMG of high frequency. The amplitude of the M-responses of the indicator muscles and the values of the excitation propagation velocity along the motor fibers were also preserved. There are no statistically significant correlations between the amount of the spine deformity, on the one hand, and the values of asymmetry of the characteristics of the muscles in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.Conclusion. In adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis the function of femoral muscles is decreased, and there is no relationship between the amount of the spine deformity and the values of asymmetry of the characteristics of the lower limb muscles. The similar character of muscle function changes in adolescents with idiopathic and congenital scoliosis can testify that the cause of the observed changes is not the disease etiology, but the insufficient level of motor activity

Analysis of kinematic and kinetic parameters of pace in cerebral palsy patients with internal torsion hip deformity

Literature data on the correlation between femoral torsion during clinical examination and during walking are different. Aim of the study was to compare kinetics and kinematics in cerebral palsy patients with iatrogenic crouch gait pattern with and without clinically diagnosed internal femoral torsion. Material and methods. Comparative analysis of clinical examination and three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) was performed in 61 subjects (122 limbs), GMFCS II with iatrogenic crouch gait pattern. The average age was 14.5 ± 2.5 years. This sample was formed in 2018–2021. Kinetic and kinematic data were recorded by Qualisys 7+ optical cameras (8 cameras) with passive marker video capture technology, synchronized with six KISTLER dyno platforms (Switzerland). The analysis was performed in the QTM (Qualisys) and Visual3D (C-Motion) programs with automated calculation of values. Based on the clinical data, all the patients were divided as follows: I – no clinically detected internal femoral torsion – 50 limbs, II – clinically detected internal femoral torsion – 68 limbs. Results. Comparison of the values of kinematics and kinetics in groups of patients according to the criterion of clinically detected/not detected had statistically significant differences in kinematics – the maximum and minimum values of femur and tibia torsion relative to the norm. Differential diagnosis of compensated/decompensated internal femoral torsion was represented by multidirectional values of the angle of foot positioning relative to the motion vector. The kinetic parameters in the groups were statistically doubtful, because they depended on the walking speed of patients, their ability to move. Conclusions. The values of maximum femoral torsion angle up to 22° were not clinically interpreted as internal femoral torsion, those from 22° to 28° can be interpreted both with clinically revealed femoral torsion (68 %) and with the absence of femoral torsion (22 %), which corresponds to the risk group, those more than 28° fell into the group of clinically diagnosed internal femoral torsion

In vitro terahertz spectroscopy of malignant brain gliomas embedded in gelatin slab

In our work, we have performed in vitro terahert

In vitro terahertz spectroscopy of gelatin-embedded human brain tumors - a pilot study

We have performed the in vitro terahertz (THz) spectroscopy of human brain tumors. In order to x tissue

Biomechanical criteria in the assessment of treatments results in patients with the knee intraarticular fractures using the llizarov fixator after arthroscopy

The quantitative and qualitative criteria of podograms (“DiaSled-Scan” computer complex, St. Petersburg) are demonstrated, as well as the values of leg flexor and extensor dynamometry in 39 patients - as the additional criteria of treatment result assessment for the knee intraarticular fractures using the llizarov fixator in combination with arthroscopy. There were singled out three types of feet support reactions. In the process of control examination 3-6 months after the fixator removal when the feet support reactions conforming to “type 1Г are registered, in patients the conservative course of treatment is recommended to be performed in out-patient conditions; if the feet support reactions conforming to “type III" are registered, the conservative course of treatment is recommended to be performed in in-patient conditions.Представлены количественные и качественные критерии подограмм (компьютерный комплекс ‘ДиаСлед-Скан1, г.С- Петербург), показатели динамометрии сгибателей и разгибателей голени у 39 больных - как дополнительные критерии оценки результата лечения с внутрисуставными переломами коленного сустава аппаратом Илизарова в сочетании с артроскопией. Выделено три типа опорных реакций стоп. При контрольном осмотре через 3-6 мес. после снятия аппарата при регистрации у пациентов опорных реакций стоп соответствующих «тип II» рекомендуется проводить консервативный курс лечения в условиях поликлиники; при регистрации опорных реакций стоп соответствующих «тип III» рекомендуется проводить консервативный курс лечения в условиях стационара