Leadership and Organizational Behavior: A study on Stress Management in Teachers

This study provides a review using theoretical investigation method todefine and conceptualize different aspects of stress. Then, factors of teachers' stress are introduced. Their stress signs (including personal, group, physiological, mental, and behavioral stress), and the consequences and disadvantages of stress are enumerated. After that, the methods and techniques of stress management (personal and organizational) in teachers are discussed. And finally, some strategies are presented for prevention and management of stress

All-optical Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Using Quantum Dots (Optical Pumping)

In the first portion of this chapter, a short review on all-optical processing is presented. Following the ideas of all-optical processing, a basic unit cell is introduced for the realization of these systems. To this end, an all-optical semiconductor optical amplifier based on quantum dots (QD-SOA) is presented and used as the basic unit cell. Then, a novel scheme for a high-speed all-optical half-adder based on quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers has been theoretically and extensively analyzed. We accelerate the gain recovery process in QD-SOA with a control pulse (CP) using the cross-gain modulation (XGM) effect in QD-SOA (based on a novel work reported by Rostami et al published in IEEE J. Quantum Electron in 2010). In this proposed scheme, a pair of input data streams simultaneously drives the switch to produce sum and carry. The proposed scheme is driven by the pair of input data streasms for one switch between which the Boolean XOR function is to be executed to produce a sum-bit. Then, one of the input data is utilized to drive the second switch and another is used as input data for it to produce a carry-bit. In the proposed structure, we need to use an optical attenuator to reduce the power level of the optical signal. Thee, data pulse is at least an order of magnitude stronger than the incoming pulse; thereforehowever, only the input pulse can alter QD-SOA’s optical properties. Also, an all-optical cross-phase modulation (XPM) wavelength converter has been utilized to obtain an all-optical AND gate, which is logic CARRY. Logic SUM and CARRY are simultaneously realized in the proposed structure. The operation of the system is evaluated and demonstrated with a Tb/s bit rate. The proposed structure is mathematically modeled by writing rate equations and then is numerically simulated with success. High-speed operation capabilities of the proposed all-optical half-adder structure are evaluated by numerical simulation

Surface-Modified Graphene for Mid-Infrared Detection

In this chapter, morphology variation and electronic structure in a surface-modified graphene are demonstrated by both calculation and experimental results. The results indicate that the band structure and morphology of modified graphene sheets are altered because of changing in the type of hybridization of carbon atoms in the graphene sheet. Accordingly, the band gap of graphene can be tuned by surface modification using organic molecules. Then, modified graphene is used for fabrication of infrared detectors. The properties of unmodified graphene photodetectors were also measured so as to compare with modified graphene photodetectors. The results demonstrate that modification of graphene using organic ligands improved the detection parameters such as fast response time, electrical stability and low dark current. Moreover, the sensitivity of photodetectors based on modified graphene was significantly improved

Comparing the Mental Health of Children’s’ Mothers With ADHD And Normal Children’ Mothers In Hamedan

The aim of the study: Hyperactivity is one of the most common behavioral disorders that endanger parents' mental health, especially mothers, as someone who has first contact with child. This study aimed to compare the mental health of mothers with hyperactive children and mothers with normal children. Methods: The study's methodology is a scientific-comparison. Statistical population refers to all mothers of Hamedan city in 2011.Sample is 200 children’s mothers with ADHD and normal children’s mothers which is selected by available sampling from elementary school of Hamadan. Data is gathered by Conner (parent form) and SCL-90 questionnaires and is analyzed by computer program of SPSS. Results: The obtained results from statistical findings showed significant differences between the mental health of mothers with ADHD children and mothers with normal children in components of somatization, obsessive and compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid thoughts and psychotic at the level of 0/01. This difference has advantage for mothers with normal children. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that children with ADHD disorder in the family have a huge impact on the mental health of mothers and families

The Effect of Tea-Cinnamon and Melissa officinalis L. Aqueous Extraction, on Neuropsychology Distress, Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Glass Production Workers

Abstract Medicinal plants are considered as natural sources of antioxidant compounds which may protect organisms against oxidative stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of Cinnamon and Melissa officinalis L. (Lemon balm) on the improvement of oxidative stress in glass production workers. This clinical study was conducted on 32 glass production workers. They were asked to use 0.5 g of tea-Cinnamon and 3 g of Lemon balm as infusion for 30 days in the morning and evening each day. At the beginning and the end of the study, blood samples were taken from individuals to determine the level of fasting blood suger (FBS), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanintransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein(HDL) levels, lipid peroxidation (LPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and sillies were measured in workers' blood. At the end of experiment, data were subjected to the paired t-test analysis. Clinical examination was accomplished to record any abnormal signs or symptoms. After treatment, the high-density lipoprotein and TAC of serum significantly increased while the AST and LPO decreased. There were positive correlations between work history and initiative energy disorder of cognitive test. Probably tea-Cinnamon and Lemon balm possesses marked an-* Corresponding author. M. Rashidi et al. 2593 tioxidant activity and, therefore, it can be used to protect individuals from the oxidative stresses. Using supplementary antioxidants may be helpful in the treatment of workers