A study of reading achievement made under remedial reading instruction.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Working Women: Agricultural Intensification, Osteoarthritis In Females, And Subadult Health In Illinois Woodland And Mississippian Mortuary Contexts

Temporal variation was examined in female labor associated with subsistence modifications in pre-Columbian human osteological samples from the Mississippi River valley of west-central Illinois related to weaning patterns, diet, and overall health status of subadults. This study was performed on a sample of 173 burials constituting 98 subadults and 75 adult females from temporally sequential Illinois mortuary contexts (Albany [11WT1], Kuhlman [11A163], Schroeder [11HE177], and Dickson [11F10] Mounds) that represent the transition from Middle Woodland hunter gatherers to Mississippian maize agriculturalists. This was accomplished by (1) scoring pattern and degree of dental attrition and dental caries in subadults, (2) identification of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia in subadults as reflective of iron-deficient and megaloblastic anemia and (3) analysis of frequency and severity of osteoarthritis (OA) on the joint surfaces of the humerus, radius, and ulna in multiple age cohorts of adult females. Subadults of Kuhlman (AD 600-1050) and Dickson Mounds (AD 800- ~1250) shared patterns of higher frequencies of porotic hyperostosis, cribra orbitalia, and osteoarthritis when compared to the Albany (BC ~200-AD 300) and Schroeder Mounds (AD 900-1150) samples. Results also show evidence of labor and settlement modifications in within Kuhlman and Dickson Mounds possibly related to intensive processing. In all, this research gives further insight into the relationship between intensive female labor and subadult health status in Illinois

Non-Language Barriers to Effective Care of the Hispanic Population

This research study was designed to improve the quality of health care received by the Hispanic population in northeast Tennessee. After reviewing past research, it is evident that the Hispanic population reports a lower level of health care satisfaction and a greater number of health disparities. Although attempts to reconcile this problem have included implementing regulations and guidelines on the cultural competency of and the provision of language services by health care providers, no measurable improvement has been noted. To positively impact this pervasive problem, the focus must shift away from how health care agencies can affect health care for Hispanics, and toward how health care providers can improve patient care. It is the responsibility of health care providers to provide quality care to all patients, regardless of their culture, race, or language. By interviewing three primary care nurse practitioners who serve a large Hispanic population in northeast Tennessee, it became evident that even with a language aide present, barriers to caring for this population still exist, although these barriers are not unsurmountable. Through years of experience, these providers have developed skills that have improved communication with, and health-related outcomes of, Hispanic patients, but this type of care should not be impacted by nurse practitioner turnover. Each provider agreed that nursing students’ education and opportunities to work with diverse populations while in basic nursing education programs must be improved, so that when students graduate, they can become part of the solution to this ongoing problem

Computer Bulletin Board Operator Liability for Users\u27 Infringing Acts

This Note argues that a computer bulletin board operator\u27s liability for copyright infringement by users of the bulletin board should be analyzed under the theory of contributory copyright infringement. This Note calls for a standard of liability under contributory copyright infringement that accommodates the competing interests at stake in the resolution of this issue. Part I provides an overview of copyright infringement law and argues that in most situations the operator\u27s actions, viewed independently, do not constitute copyright infringement. Part II explores theories of third-party liability. This Part rejects the doctrine of vicarious liability as an effective means for establishing bulletin board operator liability and argues that contributory copyright infringement theory provides a more solid foundation for finding operator liability. Part III then proposes that courts employ a negligence standard to analyze contributory copyright infringement claims against bulletin board operators

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION CONTRACTS TO REDUCE NITRATE LEACHING: A WHOLE-FARM ANALYSIS

Ten alternative seed corn contract specifications are evaluated with respect to nitrate leaching and profitability for the processor firm (principal) and contracted grower (agent). A whole-farm optimization and feasibility analysis suggest that contract terms can be used to reduce non-point source pollution.Crop Production/Industries,