Efficient Dehydrogenation of Amines and Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by a Tetranuclear Ruthenium-μ-oxo-μ-hydroxo-hydride Complex

The tetranuclear ruthenium-μ-oxo-μ-hydroxo-hydride complex {[(PCy3)(CO)RuH]4(μ4-O)(μ3-OH)(μ2-OH)} (1) was found to be a highly effective catalyst for the transfer dehydrogenation of amines and carbonyl compounds. For example, the initial turnover rate of the dehydrogenation of 2-methylindoline was measured to be 1.9 s−1 with a TON of 7950 after 1 h at 200 °C. The extensive H/D scrambling patterns observed from the dehydrogenation reaction of indoline-N-d1 and indoline-α-d2 suggest a monohydride mechanistic pathway with the C−H bond activation rate-limiting step

Writing for Professional Development and for the Profession

The records and information management (RIM) field needs its professionals to write and contribute to the field’s knowledge, but many do not do so because they are not aware of many basic, helpful tools available to them. This brief essay reviews the tools that RIM professionals can draw on for professional writing

Advice to Students Considering Graduate Work in English

Drawing on specific case histories from over 50 students who applied to graduate programs in English Literature, Composition, and Writing, this document represents my advice to students applying nationwide to do graduate work in the various subfields of English studies

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A MINOR GROOVE BINDER-TAQMAN RT-PCR ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION OF HUMAN RHINOVIRUS IN NASAL ASPIRATE SPECIMENS

A one-step real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of human rhinovirus (RV) in nasal aspirate (NA) specimens. A set of primers was designed to amplify a 120-base target in the 5' non-coding region of RV RNA. The amplicon was detected using TaqMan minor groove binder (MGB) probes and ABI Prism sequence detectors.Three probes were evaluated using stock suspensions of 15 RV strains representing serotypes 1A, 2, 3, 7, 17, 21, 29, 37, 39, 40, 58, 62, 66, 72, and 87. The initial probe that was designed, Pic-4, detected 11 of the RV strains. Probe Pic-6 was designed with a degeneracy at the first 5' nucleotide to accommodate a target-probe mismatch. Although Pic-6 improved the detection limit for some strains, detection of RVs containing multiple mismatches was unsatisfactory. Probe Pic-5 was designed with nucleotide degeneracies at three positions to account for multiple mismatches. Pic-5 detected 14 of the RVs at a lower limit of detection of 0.00001 to 0.01 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) equivalents/PCR reaction. RV-87, recently classified as an enterovirus (EV), was not detected with any of the probes.The assay with Pic-5 detected 30 plus or minus 50 copies of a plasmid containing an RV-2 target sequence. The assay yielded negative results when nucleic acids from human cells, EVs, and a panel of bacteria and viruses found in the human nasopharynx were tested. The assay with Pic-4 yielded a detection limit of 1.0 TCID50 equivalents/PCR reaction in both neat and supernatant NA specimens seeded with RV-2.A total of 48 NA samples obtained from children with cold-like symptoms were tested by the RT-PCR assay with probe Pic-5; 8 (16.7%) of the samples were positive.In conclusion, the real-time TaqMan MGB RT-PCR assay with Pic-5 is rapid, sensitive, and specific and has the capability of detecting at least 14 serotypes of RV. The public health significance of this study is that the RT-PCR assay with Pic-5 may lead to improvements in the diagnosis and surveillance of RV infections, and to a better understanding of the ability of RV to cause serious infection in immunocompromised patients

German Companies Do Less Research Abroad

Germany has profited from the internationalization of research and development (R&D) in multinational companies. While the international R&D balance sheet was balanced until 2001, foreign companies now invest more in R&D in Germany than German companies abroad. The share of R&D expenditures of German multinationals abroad is declining, whereas their global expenditures are increasing. This means the internationalization of R&D activities in Germany has slowed down. Strategic restructuring of multinational companies is the decisive factor for internationalizing R&D, not relocation. Against this background, current plans for tax relief for R&D will probably not lead to significant backshoring of foreign R&D activities to Germany.Globalization, Research and development, Multinational companies, R&D tax credit

The group of causal automorphisms

The group of causal automorphisms on Minkowski space-time is given and its structure is analyzed

Medicare Part D: How Do Vulnerable Beneficiaries Fare?

Based on a survey of counselors, program managers, and health workers, outlines the need to provide user-friendly information, facilitate enrollment and plan choice, and improve monitoring and counseling for the prescription drug benefit's beneficiaries

How Do Multinational Corporations Creatively Address D&I Initiatives Through Corporate Social Responsibility?

Question: What are the indicators of a world class Diversity &Inclusion (D&I) program? How do these correlate to business results? Revised Question: How do multinational corporations (MNCs) creatively address D&I initiatives through cultural competence and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Comparison of Visual Analog Pain Score Reported to Physician vs Nurse in Nonoperatively Treated Foot and Ankle Patients

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are taking a more prominent role in Orthopedics as health care seeks to define treatment outcomes. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is considered a reliable measure of acute pain. A previous study found that operative candidates’ VAS pain score was significantly higher when reported to the surgeon compared to the nurse. This study’s aim is to examine whether this phenomenon occurs in nonoperative patients. We hypothesize that patients’ VAS scores reported to the surgeon and a nurse will be the same Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort of 201 consecutive nonoperative patients treated by a single surgeon. Patients were asked to rate pain intensity by a nurse followed by the surgeon using a horizontal VAS, 0 “no pain” to 10 worst pain”. Differences in reported pain levels were compared with data from the previous cohort of 201 consecutive operative patients. Results: The mean VAS score reported to the nurse was 3.2 whereas the mean VAS score reported to the surgeon was 4.2 (p\u3c.001). The mean difference in VAS scores reported for operative patients was 2.9, whereas the mean difference for nonoperative patients was 1.0 (p \u3c .001). Conclusion: This study found statistically significant differences between VAS scores reported to the surgeon versus the nurse in nonoperative patients which support the trend found in our previous study, where operative patients reported significantly higher scores to the surgeon. The mean difference between reported pain scores is significantly higher for operative patients compared to nonoperative patients