Ecological and economic efficiency of growing on dark gray soils of bean-cereal grasses

Saabunud / Received 02.05.2022 ; Aktsepteeritud / Accepted 14.07.2022 ; Avaldatud veebis / Published online 14.07.2022 ; Vastutav autor / Corresponding author: Yevheniia Butenko ; [email protected] efficiency of growing leguminous and cereal agrophytocenoses (Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa sown with the addition of Bromus inermis, Lolium multiflorum, Festuca rubra), highlighted their economic and energy advantages over cereal grasses. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of grass mixtures on the main indicators of the efficiency of growing sowing phytocenoses during haymaking in the Carpathians on dark grey soil. Growing agrophytocenoses without mineral fertilizers ensures the maintenance of 370–520 € ha–1 of net profit, with the profitability of 151–187%, the cost of 1 ton of feed units – 56.7–66.7 €, bioenergy coefficient – 2.5–2.9, energy efficiency ratio – 5.8–6.5 and energy consumption per 1 ton of feed units – 4.0–4.7 GJ. The cultivation of alfalfa-cereal grasses is ensured on dark-wet soil with three years of use of the best indicators of economic and energy efficiency. It was found that on both experimental bean–cereal grasses the highest efficiency is maintained when P60K60 is applied in combination with inoculation of seeds of bean strains of nodule bacteria

Competitiveness and Advantages of Camelina sativa on the Market of Oil Crops

The article presents the question of the effect of the effectiveness of various elements of cultivation technologies on the competitiveness of Camelina sativa and the profitability of its cultivation on acidic, low–fertility sod-podzolic soils. Fertilizers are one of the fast-acting and effective factors in increasing the yield of Camelina sativa. It was established that introduction of mineral fertilizers had a significant impact on competitiveness of Camelina sativa seeds. Dependence of productivity elements and yielding capacity on crops has been determined. It was established that spring cruciferous crops had different seed productivity. According to the results of conducted research, it was found that the highest seed yielding capacity among spring cruciferous crops had spring Brassica napus L., but the oil content in Camelina sativa seeds was 46.53%, which is 4.08% more than in Brassica napus L. Therefore, oil outcome from the yield of Brassica napus L. and Camelina sativa was almost the same

Influence of Agricultural Systems on Microbiological Transformation of Organic Matter in Wheat Winter Crops on Typical Black Soils

The influence of different agriculture systems and measures of basic tillage on nutrient regime, its relation to the number of microorganisms involved in transformation of organic matter in typical black soils was studied. Direction of the formation processes of some physiological indices in the field of wheat winter was investigated. It was found that the most favorable conditions of nutrition and soil microflora development, as well as indices of crop growth and development are created when using ecological system of agriculture