Study of artificial aortic valve influence on hemodynamics by heart cycle phase analysis method

The results of study of an artificial aortic valve by the heart cycle phase analysis are given in the paper. The main aim of the study is identifying the artificial aortic valve influence on cardiovascular system functions, the way and ranges of these functions change. The results of phase blood volume measurement and the numerical values that characterize the metabolic processes in heart muscles are given herein

Metabolic processes evaluation in cardiac muscles on the basis of cardiometry

The article briefly discusses the cardiometric approach to the evaluation of metabolic processes in cardiac muscle. Reactions occurring during the various phases of the cardiac cycle, primarily in the QRS complex, are shown. The dynamics of energy processes occurring before and after physical load, as well as the reactions occurring during it, are presented. The ECG derivative is used

Theoretical principles of cardiometry

Aims The article aims at describing the theoretical principles of cardiometry as a fundamentally new scientific field which enables the accurate measurement of the cardiovascular system parameters. Materials and methods Cardiometry is based on the mathematical model of hemodynamic processes. The model is described by G. Poyedintsev and O. Voronova equations. The variable values in these equations are the cardiac cycle phase durations recorded on the ECG. An original ECG lead of the ascending aorta reflects all the processes of the heart performance. Thus, it is possible to calculate the phase blood volumes. This method is an accurate indirect measurement method. The synchronous recording of the ascending aorta ECG and Rheogram enables monitoring of the compensation mechanism responsible for the normal hemodynamic performance. Results An innovative mathematical model of hemodynamics providing the creation of an innovative indirect method for measurement of the cardiovascular system parameters was developed. Conclusion The innovative method of cardiovascular system diagnostics enables to measure 7 main hemodynamic parameters using noninvasive technology for qualitative evaluation of 12 functions of cardiovascular system performance and general assessment of coronary flow status

Criteria of identification of individual heart cycle phases on ECG

Aims Criteria of identification of individual heart cycle phases according to an ECG curve are described in this paper. Materials and methods For this study, a single-lead system ECG is used only. Its distinctive feature is that an ECG signal is recorded within the body surface area of the ascending aorta. Using the theory of biological system process continuity, the individual heart cycle phase boundaries are determined at those points of the cardiac signals where we deal with an energy process transition in the cardiovascular system from the process of the energy build-up to its attenuation, and vice versa. The transition points are identified by us by mathematical differentiation of the ECG signals, and, as a result, they correspond to extrema of the ECG derivative. Some individual heart cycle phases are found according to maxima on the derivative, others are identified according to minima on the derivative curve, respectively. Results The method of application of the ECG derivatives allows to capture individual heart cycle phases in a very precise manner. Utilization of the ECG derivatives is a prerequisite for computer-assisted processing of the data to deliver measurements of durations of every heart cycle phase. Conclusion Using the ECG derivatives for fixing every heart cycle phase makes possible to fill up the gaps in the theory of phase analysis and avoid misinterpretations of any type of the ECG phase structures

Standardization of the ECG on the basis of cardiac cycle phase analysis

Aims The article aims at describing the basic system criteria of the ECG interpretation on the basis of the cardiac cycle phase processes as well as systematizing these criteria for developing new standards for the ECG classification. Materials and methods An original ECG lead of the ascending aorta is proposed. It identifies the boundaries of the rapid and slow ejection phases. The concepts and description of the ECG waves are introduced. The amplitudes of the ECG waves are used to characterize the contraction of the muscles of the cardiovascular system segments. Results The general principles of the ECG standardization based on the amplitude analysis of the ECG waves are described. Conclusion Development of the standardization system will contribute to quality improvement of the diagnostics performed by practising physicians