Contemporary criminal policy of Germany: example to follow or timely warning?

Objective based on the analysis of publications of German criminologists and sociologists to identify and describe the main directions of development of modern criminal policy in Germany including the work of penitentiary system to determine the influence of new threats international terrorism on the regulatory activities of the state and thus on the rights and freedoms of citizens. Methods general scientific analysis systemicstructural approach to the analysis of the study object comparative legal method and a specific scientific method ndash content analysis of scientific publications of German criminologists and sociologists. nbsp Results the author identifies and describes the influence of the socalled new complex threats on the changes in the German criminal policy namely the emerging trend towards the revival of punitiveness i.e. tightening of criminal law as well as the transition of the rule of law state into a preventive one in which it is necessary to find a balance between freedom and security of citizens. Scientific novelty the article for the first time examines the potential changes in the modern criminal policy of Germany aimed at building a new security system in the modern quotrisk societyquot the possibility to preserve the fundamental civil liberties analyzes the danger of dividing criminal law into civil criminal law and special criminal law to combat enemies for example terrorists recidivists kidnappers in the context of the national legal policy alternative special forms of deprivation restriction of liberty used in Germany are described quotsocial therapyquot assistance to a probationer and establishment of supervision over their behavior socially useful work an electronic bracelet. Practical significance the study results reveal the essential characteristics of possible changes in the modern German criminal policy which is often criticized for rational humanism and indecision in taking urgent measures.nbsp Russia is also actively discussing the issues related to the adequacy of punishment for certain crimes. As a rule four instruments of criminal policy are identified the use of which causes the greatest number of disputes both in Russia and in Germany death penalty torture life imprisonment and additional preventive detention. The analysis of the lawmaking and lawenforcement experience of German colleagues can be very useful as it will help to avoid unnecessary mistakes save human time and financial resources and prepare our legal system to respond to the most complex challenges of our time

Citizens’ estimation of the law order and safety in a megalopolis: results of criminological monitoring

Objective on the basis of sociological research to analyze study and disclose the essential characteristics of public opinion of Nizhny Novgorod citizens on the state of law and order and security in the metropolis to formulate recommendations to employees of the internal affairs bodies engaged in providing public order during cultural and sports events in particular World Cup 2018. Methods general scientific analysis systemstructural approach to the analysis of the study object comparativelegal method as well as logical and specific methods survey method ndash a survey of Nizhny Novgorod residents. Results the characteristics of public opinion of Nizhny Novgorod citizens on the level of law and order and security in the metropolis are identified and classified the factors that provide the feeling of the greatest security and safety as well as the attitude to World Cup 2018 in different categories of the population are determined the typology of population groups is carried out depending on the attitude to conducting other largescale events in the city. Scientific novelty the article based on the analysis of public opinion of Nizhny Novgorod residents for the first time identifies and systematizes the main characteristics including the problem ones of the state of law and order and security in the Nizhniy Novgorod metropolis proposals and practical recommendations were formulated on increasing the efficiency of activity of the regional internal affairs bodies during mass cultural international sports events a account of the particular location of the settlement which will host a mass event b the internal affairs bodiesrsquo administration should constantly be in a dialogue with the district administrations of the municipality on the issues of crime prevention c the citizens should be legally informed about the peculiarities of behavior during mass events d increased requirements for the appearance culture of communication and competence of police officers during mass events e strengthening control over visitors from the region or the nearest regions and their stay in the central part of the city. Practical significance the study results can be used to adjust the work of the territorial bodies of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs to optimize and improve activities to ensure law and order and security as a whole and in the case of the organization of cultural sports including international events. The results of the study can be used in the organization of work to improve the efficiency of the regional internal affairs bodies to ensure the planning of operational activities and the development of appropriate management decisions in law enforcement

Opinions of senior schoolchildren on drugs in the internet: results of a pilot research

Objective to identify the level of engagement of schoolchildren in the process of distribution of narcotic drugs psychotropic substances or their analogues via information and telecommunication networks of common use. Methods the dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors that determined the choice of the following research methods systematicstructural comparativelegal sociological. Results the analysis was made of the involvement of schoolchildren in the process of distribution of narcotic drugs psychotropic substances or their analogues through informationtelecommunication network on the territory of the Russian Federation by the example of Nizhny Novgorod region. The study revealed the existence of two groups of students a group with psychological protection against harmful habits and a risk group. Each group has its own characteristics depending on sex age relationship to the use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances social contacts of students frequency of using the informationtelecommunication networks of common use. Scientific novelty for the first time on the basis of data obtained as a result of the sociolegal studies the situation was reviewed concerning the distribution of narcotic drugs psychotropic substances or their analogues via information and telecommunication networks of common use among secondary schools students. The social characteristics of a group with psychological protection against harmful habits and a risk group were identified. The proposal was made aimed at reducing the level of engagement of schoolchildren in the process of distribution of narcotic drugs psychotropic substances or their analogues. Practical significance the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and teaching activities in addressing issues related to combating illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs psychotropic substances or their analogues

Sociology of law: phenomenon of devastation

Objective to define the possibility of using under the modern Russian conditions the techniques of efficient crime prevention used in America and Germany within the frameworks of ldquobroken windowsrdquo conception and zero tolerance policy. Methods systemicstructural approach to the analysis of research object comparativelegal method comparative historic method as well as logical methods. Results the potentials and limits are analyzed of application of the ldquoBroken Windowsrdquo theory in Germany the differences are listed between the concept of public control over conduct rules observance in Germany and the zero tolerance policy in America the relationship is illustrated between security level and architectural design of the environment the possibility of crime prevention at the municipal level through a policy of zero tolerance to disorder and offences ways of strengthening informal social control in urban areas are listed measures for the prevention of street crime used in the modern Russian conditions are listed and analyzed. Scientific novelty for the first time the article comprehensively examines the different methods of preventing street crime implemented by different countries provides practical recommendations on measures for effective prevention of street crime in Russia on the basis of national and international experience. Practical significance basing on the study of theoretical principles and practical examples the authors make suggestions for improving the existing methods of effective prevention of street crime in Russia taking into account national and international experience. nbs

Experience of measuring the level of victimization of the population of Nizhniy Novgorod region

Objective basing on the data from empirical sociological study to identify the level of latency and victimization of the population of Nizhny Novgorod region. Methods general scientific analysis systemicstructural approach to the analysis of object of research comparativelegal as well as logical methods and specific scientific method survey ndash questionnaires and interviews. nbsp Results qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed of the overall situation referring to unrecorded crime latent crime committed on the territory of Nizhny Novgorod city and Nizhny Novgorod oblast as well as comparative analysis of the level of latent crime in the city and region by the types and trends of criminal activities the main reasons are identified for refusal the victims to appeal to police in Nizhny Novgorod and Nizhny Novgorod oblast recommendations and proposals are elaborated of the work of territorial bodies of the Ministry of Domestic Affairs to the aim of reducing the level of latent crime. Scientific novelty for the first time on the basis of data obtained during a sociological survey the crime situation on the territory of Nizhny Novgorod region is discussed revealing the actual level of latent delinquency and proposals and practical recommendations are formulated for the adjustment of the work of territorial bodies of the Ministry of Domestic Affairs to the aim of reducing the level of latent crime. Practical significance basing on the research the recommendations are to improve the work of territorial bodies of the Ministry of Domestic Affairs to the aim of reducing the level of latent crime