Monitoring Perubahan Areal Persawahan Menggunakan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa)

The area of agricultural land, especially paddy fields, is related to the level of rice production. Conversion of agricultural land to non-agriculture will have an impact on the availability of rice supply. This study aims to identify changes in paddy field land use in 2005 - 2016 using high-resolution satellite imagery and calculate the need for rice per capita in Pallangga District. This research utilizes the application of geographic information systems in monitoring changes in paddy field use. The method used in the classification of land use is digitizing on screen. The conversion of paddy fields to non-paddy fields was obtained from the results of overlapping maps of Pallangga District land use maps in 2005 and 2016 and presented in the form of cross tabulations. The accuracy test results obtained the overall accuracy value of 98.04%, and the kappa accuracy value of 0.98. This study shows that paddy field area has decreased by 305.25 ha. The change consisted of 17.68 ha into a water body, turned into a garden of 132.86 ha and became a settlement of 154.71 ha. The conversion of paddy fields in Pallangga District in 2005-2016 affected rice production. The results of the analysis of the needs of rice per capita per year show that in 2017 Pallangga District is surplus in the supply of rice to its population. However, based on population projection, the decrease in land area and rice production in Pallangga Subdistrict in 2020 was unable to meet the rice needs of its population of 1,027 ton

PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI MELALUI PELATIHAN SELIDIK CEPAT KESUBURAN TANAH SAWAH DI DESA PANAIKANG, KECAMATAN MINESATENE, PANGKEP

Penurunan hasil produksi dalam satu dekade terakhir telah dirasakan oleh masyarakat petani di desa Panaikang, Kecamatan Minasatene, Kabupaten Pangkep. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan hasil panen. Ketidaktahuan petani tentang permasalahan kesuburan tanah, mengakibatkan para petani tidak dapat menemukan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam memperbaiki/mengembalikan kesuburan tanah. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan pelatihan selidik cepat kesuburan tanah sawah untuk mengatasi permasalahan degradasi tanah di lahan sawah. Pelatihan diberikan secara langsung dengan mempraktekkan bagaimana menggunakan alat Perangkat Uji Tanah Sawah (PUTS) tanah sawah, dan dilanjutkan dengan simulasi yang dilakukan langsung oleh beberapa kelompok tani. Hasil uji kesuburan tanah dengan alat PUTS, memiliki nilai keakuratan terutama terkait pH tanah, Nitrogen, dan Posfor, yang sudah dapat dijadikan rujukan awal dalam penanganan status kesuburan tanah dan rekomendasi peningkatan kesehatan tanah. Nilai pH tanah berbanding lurus dengan kandungan hara-hara yang terdapat di dalam tanah. Perbedaan nilai uji PUTS dan uji laboratorium, disebabkan oleh adanya perlakuan yang telah diberikan oleh petani pada tanaman padi sawah berupa pemupukan sebelum pengambilan sampel tanah, sehingga memberikan hasil yang berbeda. Uji PUTS sebaiknya dilakukan sebelum penanaman padi sawah atau setelah panen, sehingga terbebas dari kesalahan pembacaan data. Pembentukan Desa Mitra menjadi keberlanjutan kegiatan sebagai wujud pendampingan petani dalam meningkatkan kesuburan tanah sawah di Desa Panaikang. Kata kunci: Tanah, petani, PUTS, desa mitra, Pangkep.   ABSTRACT The farming community in Panaikang Village, Minasatene District, Pangkep Regency, has felt a decline in production yields in the last decade. Various attempts were made to increase crop yields. Farmers' ignorance of soil fertility problems resulted in farmers being unable to find solutions to the issues they faced in improving/restoring soil fertility. Therefore, training is needed to quickly investigate the fertility of paddy soil to overcome the problem of soil degradation in paddy fields. The training was given directly by practicing using the Rice Field Soil Test Tool (PUTS) for rice fields and continued with simulations carried out directly by several farmer groups. The results of soil fertility tests using the PUTS tool have accuracy values, especially regarding soil pH, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus. These can be used as an initial reference in handling soil fertility status and recommendations for improving soil health. The pH value of the soil is directly proportional to the nutrient content in the soil. The difference in PUTS test values and laboratory tests is caused by the treatment given by farmers to lowland rice plants in the form of fertilization before taking soil samples, thus providing different results. The PUTS test should be carried out before planting lowland rice or after harvest to avoid data reading errors. The formation of Partner Villages is a continuation of activities as a form of assistance to farmers in increasing the fertility of rice fields in Panaikang Village. Keywords: Soil, farmer, PUTS, partner villages, Pangkep