Application of biological systems and processes employing microbes and algae to Reduce, Recycle, Reuse (3Rs) for the sustainability of circular bioeconomy

The circular bioeconomy has undoubtedly gained global momentum during the last few years. The bioeconomy envisions “3R”, the goal of 3R (Reduce, Recycle, Reuse) is to implement in circular economy preventing excessive and unnecessary wastes. The circular bioeconomy emphasizes the best use of all sorts of available bioresources through the reduction of generated wastes during product formation, recycling of generated wastes, and reuse of valuable by-products and residues. Biotechnology could be useful in utilizing the resources to the optimum and therefore the role of biological agents and bioprocesses is of prime importance. In this review, we highlight the paramount importance of beneficial strains of microorganisms, macro, and microalgae in the bioeconomy. Microorganisms are universally recognized for the notable production of a vast array of secondary metabolites and other functionalities with possible use in various sectors. The application of potential strains in industries and modern agriculture practices could progressively improve the effective yield of food and feed, including fertilization of arid soils, bioconversion of by-products from industrial processes, and agriculture wastes. The valuable properties of specifically selected biological agents typically make them suitable candidates for their efficient contribution to circular bioeconomy without hampering the environment

Flexure compensation simulation tool for TMT-WFOS Spectrograph

The Wide Field Optical Spectrograph (WFOS) is one of the first-light instruments of Thirty Meter Telescope. It is a medium resolution, multi object, wide field optical spectrograph. Since 2005 the conceptual design of the instrument has focused on a slit-mask based, grating exchange design that will be mounted at the Nasmyth focus of TMT. Based on the experience with ESI, MOSFIRE and DEIMOS for Keck we know flexure related image motion will be a major problem with such a spectrograph and a compensation system is required to mitigate these effects. We have developed a flexure Compensation and Simulation (FCS) tool for TMT-WFOS that provides an interface to accurately simulate the effects of instrument flexure at the WFOS detector plane (e.g image shifts) using perturbation of key optical elements and also derive corrective motions to compensate the image shifts caused by instrument flexure. We are currently using the tool to do mote-carlo simulations to validate the optical design of a slit-mask concept we call Xchange-WFOS, and to optimize the flexure compensation strategy. We intend to use the tool later in the design process to predict the actual flexure by replacing the randomized inputs with the signed displacement and rotations of each element predicted by global FEA model on the instrument

Triple threat: pregnancy, SLE, EBV as potential triggers in secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

We present a case of hemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) that occurred secondary to a combination of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in early pregnancy. A 29-years-old lady presented with complaints of fever, vomiting and loose stools. She underwent successful in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer 20 days prior to the onset of these symptoms. Her blood investigations revealed anemia, neutropenia, hyperferritinemia and hypertriglyceridemia, eventually resulting in a diagnosis of HLH further substantiated by bone marrow examination. Additional investigations revealed positive anti-dsDNA and EBV IgM antibodies amongst other findings, adding SLE and EBV to the diagnoses. They were considered potential triggers for HLH. However, the occurrence of these events following IVF poses the question of whether pregnancy played a role in the development of HLH. Our patient responded well to pulse steroid therapy and has had an uneventful course till date

Atmospheric dispersion corrector for a multi-object spectroscopic mode of HROS-TMT

Highly multiplexed spectroscopic surveys have changed the astronomy landscape in recent years. However, these surveys are limited to low and medium spectral resolution. High spectral resolution spectroscopy is often photon starved and will benefit from a large telescope aperture. Multiplexed high-resolution surveys require a wide field of view and a large aperture for a suitable large number of bright targets. This requirement introduces several practical difficulties, especially for large telescopes, such as the future ELTs. Some of the challenges are the need for a wide field atmospheric dispersion corrector and to deal with the curved non-telecentric focal plane. Here, we present a concept of Multi-Object Spectroscopy (MOS) mode for TMT High-Resolution Optical Spectrograph (HROS), we have designed an atmospheric dispersion corrector for individual objects that fit inside a fiber positioner. We present the ZEMAX design and the performance of the atmospheric dispersion corrector for all elevations accessible by TMT

Flexure compensation simulation tool for TMT-WFOS Spectrograph

The Wide Field Optical Spectrograph (WFOS) is one of the first-light instruments of Thirty Meter Telescope. It is a medium resolution, multi object, wide field optical spectrograph. Since 2005 the conceptual design of the instrument has focused on a slit-mask based, grating exchange design that will be mounted at the Nasmyth focus of TMT. Based on the experience with ESI, MOSFIRE and DEIMOS for Keck we know flexure related image motion will be a major problem with such a spectrograph and a compensation system is required to mitigate these effects. We have developed a flexure Compensation and Simulation (FCS) tool for TMT-WFOS that provides an interface to accurately simulate the effects of instrument flexure at the WFOS detector plane (e.g image shifts) using perturbation of key optical elements and also derive corrective motions to compensate the image shifts caused by instrument flexure. We are currently using the tool to do mote-carlo simulations to validate the optical design of a slit-mask concept we call Xchange-WFOS, and to optimize the flexure compensation strategy. We intend to use the tool later in the design process to predict the actual flexure by replacing the randomized inputs with the signed displacement and rotations of each element predicted by global FEA model on the instrument

Univariate and Multivariate LSTM Model for Short-Term Stock Market Prediction

Designing robust and accurate prediction models has been a viable research area since a long time. While proponents of a well-functioning market predictors believe that it is difficult to accurately predict market prices but many scholars disagree. Robust and accurate prediction systems will not only be helpful to the businesses but also to the individuals in making their financial investments. This paper presents an LSTM model with two different input approaches for predicting the short-term stock prices of two Indian companies, Reliance Industries and Infosys Ltd. Ten years of historic data (2012-2021) is taken from the yahoo finance website to carry out analysis of proposed approaches. In the first approach, closing prices of two selected companies are directly applied on univariate LSTM model. For the approach second, technical indicators values are calculated from the closing prices and then collectively applied on Multivariate LSTM model. Short term market behaviour for upcoming days is evaluated. Experimental outcomes revel that approach one is useful to determine the future trend but multivariate LSTM model with technical indicators found to be useful in accurately predicting the future price behaviours.Comment: 24 pages, 20 figures, 8 table

Clinical profile of mortality predictors in Leptospirosis:a prospective study in a tertiary care center

Aims and Objectives: To look for mortality predictors of Leptospirosis, with specific importance given to oli-guric renal failure and hypotension as possible predictors. Materials and Methods: A Prospective Cohort study conducted over two years which enrolled patients with clinically and serologically confirmed Leptospirosis. Of these, 30 patients were included who had hypotension and 30 patients who had oliguric renal failure, as per statistical requirements. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data was collected at admission and the patients were followed up to look for outcome (discharge/death). Results: A total of 83 patients were included in this study. Of these 8 patients died (Mortality of 9.6%). Data analysis with Chi Square Test showed that oliguric renal failure was significantly associated with mortality in Leptospirosis (p<0.05). Other factors were also found which were associated with mortality including elevated bilirubin and AST levels, anemia, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Alcohol Dependence Syndrome, and Chronic Liver Disease. However, hypotension was found to not be significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: In patients with Leptospirosis, significant mortality pre-dictors included oliguric renal failure, elevated bilirubin and AST levels, anemia, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Alcohol Dependence Syndrome, and Chronic Liver Disease

Feature Based Automatic Text Summarization Methods: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Survey

With the advent of the World Wide Web, there are numerous online platforms that generate huge amounts of textual material, including social networks, online blogs, magazines, etc. This textual content contains useful information that can be used to advance humanity. Text summarization has been a significant area of research in natural language processing (NLP). With the expansion of the internet, the amount of data in the world has exploded. Large volumes of data make locating the required and best information time-consuming. It is impractical to manually summarize petabytes of data; hence, computerized text summarization is rising in popularity. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the current status of text summarizing approaches, techniques, standard datasets, assessment criteria, and future research directions. The summarizing approaches are assessed based on several characteristics, including approach-based, document-number-based, Summarization domain-based, document-language-based, output summary nature, etc. This study concludes with a discussion of many obstacles and research opportunities linked to text summarizing research that may be relevant for future researchers in this field