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Not AvailableFeasibility of culturing pengba (Osteobrama belangeri) as a candidate species in polyculture along with other carps in net pen enclosure was studied in Takmu lake, Manipur. A net pen measuring 0.1 ha was constructed using nylon net supported by bamboo poles. The average length and weight of stocked fingerlings (@5 no. m-2) were as follows: pengba (9.4 cm, 10.6 g), Labeo catla (16.1 cm, 39.0 g), Labeo rohita (14.8 cm, 38.6 g), Cirrhinus mrigala (16.2 cm, 41.9 g), Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (14.2 cm, 30.3 g), Ctenopharyngodon idella (22.4 cm, 115.2 g) and Cyprinus carpio (14.8 cm, 55.1 g). Fishes were fed pelleted feed (23.4% crude protein) @ 5% of body weight twice-a-day for 180 days. Highest growth (in terms of weight gain % and specific growth rate) was recorded in pengba followed by C. idella, L. catla, C. mrigala, L. rohita, C. carpio and H. molitrix. The pen aquaculture system was also found to be economically viable with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.37. In conclusion, net pen aquaculture of pengba along with other carps is economically viable and technically feasible in floodplain wetlands of Manipur.ICA

Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M^pro) Identified from the Library of FDA-Approved Drugs Using Molecular Docking Studies

The Corona Virus Infectious Disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak originated at Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It has already spread rapidly and caused more than 6.5 million deaths worldwide. Its causal agent is a beta-coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. Many efforts have already been made to develop new vaccines and drugs against these viruses, but over time, it has changed its molecular nature and evolved into more lethal variants, such as Delta and Omicron. These will lead us to target its more-conserved proteins. The sequences’ BLAST and crystal structure of the main protease Mpro suggest a high sequence and structural conservation. Mpro is responsible for the proteolytic maturation of the polyprotein essential for the viral replication and transcription, which makes it an important drug target. Discovery of new drug molecules may take years before getting to the clinics. So, considering urgency, we performed molecular docking studies using FDA-approved drugs to identify molecules that could potentially bind to the substrate-binding site and inhibit SARS-CoV-2’s main protease (Mpro). We used the Glide module in the Schrödinger software suite to perform molecular docking studies, followed by MM-GBSA-based energy calculations to score the hit molecules. Molecular docking and manual analysis suggest that several drugs may bind and potentially inhibit Mpro. We also performed molecular simulations studies for selected compounds to evaluate protein–drug interactions. Considering bioavailability, lesser toxicity, and route of administration, some of the top-ranked drugs, including lumefantrine (antimalarial), dipyridamole (coronary vasodilator), dihydroergotamine (used for treating migraine), hexoprenaline (anti asthmatic), riboflavin (vitamin B2), and pantethine (vitamin B5) may be taken forward for further in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate their therapeutic potential

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All India Network project on Fish HealthPangasianodon hypophthalmus is a major aquaculture species in South and Southeast Asia with a high level of production. Standard physiological indices of candidate species are of great value for proper health monitoring and better production. Since fish physiology is grossly influenced by temperature, the reference intervals (RIs) of haematology and blood biochemistry of the healthy reference population of this species are established here in winter and summer seasons following standard methodologies and non-parametric statistics. Haemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels were significantly higher in summer, while leucocyte count, globulin concentration, alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity were higher in winter suggesting the need for use of season-specific RIs for correct interpretation of test results. The normometric database would be useful in season-specific stress assessment, monitoring of well-being, and pathological progressions in this catfish which contributes about 2% to the global aquaculture production.ICA

Results of logistic regression analysis identifying the independent predictors of death after adjusting for potential confounders in the study population.

<p>Results of logistic regression analysis identifying the independent predictors of death after adjusting for potential confounders in the study population.</p

Results of the logistic regression analysis revealing the independently associated factors with ileus in children below five years of age with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhea.

<p>Results of the logistic regression analysis revealing the independently associated factors with ileus in children below five years of age with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhea.</p

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Not AvailableIndia is blessed with vast floodplain wetland resources of 0.5 million ha that are distributed in the Eastern and North Eastern States. They possess varying morphometry, ecological profile, trophic status and biota, and harbor around 96 fish species, however the fish diversity is declining in recent years due to anthropogenic and other stressors including climate change. The wetlands are serving the need for fish from sustenance level to high intensity with varying management regimes. The average fish yield realized from these wetlands was very low as 50 kg ha 1 yr 1 against the annual potential of 2000 kg ha 1 yr 1 . The fish yield from these resources has enhanced through adoption of culture based fisheries and the average yield has increased to 400 kg ha 1 yr 1 . The increase in fish yield is about 20% of the production potential and there exists wide scope for developing integrated management strategies for optimizing the fish yield. Insufficient access to scientific knowledge and technologies, loss of biodiversity, habitat degradation, poor fisheries infrastructure, weak financial capacity, lack of co-operative approach, poor linkages and unorganized institutional arrangements pose challenges in achieving the potential. The present review synthesizes the updated information available on floodplain wetlands and the changes and developments during the last few decades with reference to ecology, fisheries, biodiversity, production potential, threats, institutional arrangements, governance and recommends strategies for conservation and sustainable fisheries development.Not Availabl

Association of ileus with bacterial pathogens from stool in children aged under five years with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhea.

<p>Association of ileus with bacterial pathogens from stool in children aged under five years with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhea.</p

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Not AvailableProteins and amino acids are important biomolecules which regulate key metabolic pathways and serve as precursors for synthesis of biologically important substances; moreover, amino acids are building blocks of proteins. Fish is an important dietary source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and plays important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, crude protein content and amino acid compositions of important food fishes from different habitats have been studied. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid composition was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and information on 27 food fishes was generated. The analysis showed that the cold water species are rich in lysine and aspartic acid, marine fishes in leucine, small indigenous fishes in histidine, and the carps and catfishes in glutamic acid and glycine. The enriched nutrition knowledge base would enhance the utility of fish as a source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and aid in their inclusion in dietary counseling and patient guidance for specific nutritional needs.Not Availabl