5,902 research outputs found
Perceived motor ability and selection, optimization, and compensation: Effects of age and institutionalization
The authors examined the mediation effect of the perceived motor ability (PMA) on the
direct “effects” of age (third vs. fourth age) and residential status (institutionalized vs.
communitarians) on selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) strategies. With a
non-probabilistic sample of 107 elders (Mdn = 80 years) from urban areas, and
controlled for cognitive impairment and depression, the authors analysed the structural
component of the path model with latent constructs that represents those relationships.
This was made only after the structural validity of the constructs had been assured.
Constructs were operationalized through the PMA questionnaire and a 16-item version
of the SOC questionnaire. Only age had direct effects on the constructs: lower PMA and
lower SOC of the elders in the fourth age. Authors also verified that the PMA mediation
effect was partial
Training health professionals in patient-centered communication during magnetic resonance imaging to reduce patients’ perceived anxiety
Objective: We examined how a patient-centered communication training program for magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) affected health professional (HP) practice and patients’ perceived anxiety (PA).
Methods: We implemented an intervention program. Six of the 17 eligible HPs completed the study. The
proportion of observed desired behaviors (PODBs), including MRI procedure explanation (MRI-PE),
communication, and MRI checking procedures was measured using an observation grid. We tested 182
patients (85 pre-, 58 post-, and 39 at follow-up) for PA pre- and post-MRI.
Results: The Bayesian ANOVA effect size suggested moderate evidence of improvement in HP PODBs, preto
post-intervention. Use of MRI-PE declined between post-intervention and follow-up (6 months later).
Observed changes in PA, pre- to post-MRI, could be related to time constraints and perceived pressure to
explain the exam in detail once institutional routines are reestablished.
Conclusion: In MRI units, time constraints condition the performance of HPs who address patients’ PA.
Practice implications: “Real workplace” interventions that promote better patient-centered communication
and provide each patient with a comprehensive explanation of MRI procedures also appear to
improve HP PODBs
Questionário de Integração Social no Ensino Superior (QISES)
O Questionário de Integração Social no Ensino Superior (QISES), destinado a
estudantes do Ensino Superior (ES), é composto por 20 itens igualmente distribuídos por
cinco fatores. Um versa o Equilíbrio Emocional (EE) dos estudantes e dois versam
relacionamentos internos à instituição de ES: Relacionamento com Colegas (RC) e
Relacionamento com Professores (RP). Os restantes fatores respeitam a relacionamentos
externos à instituição: Relacionamento com Família (RF) e Relacionamento com Amigos
(RA)
Bistability, softening, and quenching of magnetic moments in Ni-filled carbon nanotubes
The authors apply first-principles calculations to investigate the interplay
between structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of nanostructures
composed of narrow nanotubes filled with metallic nanowires. The focus is on
the structural and magnetic responses of Ni-filled nanotubes upon radial
compression. Interestingly, metastable flattened structures are identified, in
which radially deformed nanotubes are stabilized by the interactions with the
encapsulated wire. Moreover, our results indicate a quenching of the magnetic
moment of the wire upon compression, as a result of the transfer of charge from
the to the orbitals of the atoms in the wire.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
- …