Graft incompatibility in Prunus

A incompatibilidade de enxertia é um problema que, além de prejuízo econômico aos produtores, causa atraso no lançamento de novas cultivares-copa e portaenxertos, devido ao longo período de tempo necessário para os testes de compatibilidade. O objetivo desta revisão é fazer um apanhado das principais e mais relevantes pesquisas realizadas envolvendo o tema incompatibilidade de enxertia em espécies frutíferas, especialmente as do gênero Prunus. Incompatibilidade é um fenômeno extremamente complexo, que envolve interações anatômicas, fi siológicas, bioquímicas e moleculares entre a cultivar-copa e o portaenxerto. Sendo, por essa razão, um problema de difícil estudo. Porém, acredita-se que através de uma análise conjunta dos diversos mecanismos de incompatibilidade, se pode avançar mais rapidamente no entendimento deste fenômeno.The graft incompatibility is a problem that causes economic loss to producers and delay in the launch of new cultivars and rootstock because of the long time required for compatibility testing. The aim of this review is to show of the most important and relevant research conducted over the years involving the graft incompatibility in fruit species, specially the genus Prunus. The graft incompatibility is an extremely complex phenomenon that involves anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular interactions between scion and rootstock. Being for this reason a diffi cult problem to analyze. However, it is believed that through a joint analysis of graft incompatibility the understanding of the mechanisms may advance more quickly and so allow the solution for the phenomenon.Publishe

Genotypic differences in cyanogenic glycosides levels of compatible Prunus persica P. persica and incompatible P. persica P. mume combinations

Graft incompatibility is a phenomenon associated with complex physiological, biochemical, and genetic interactions between scion and rootstock. The main objective of this work was to assess the role of cyanogenic glycosides (CGs), amygdalin and prunasin, in the graft incompatibility of Prunus and possible biochemical effects in compounds of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Graft compatibility, amygdalin and prunasin content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, total phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity, were studied in different graft combinations (Chimarrita/Capdeboscq; Chimarrita/Tsukuba 1; Chimarrita/Umezeiro; Maciel/Capdeboscq; Maciel/’Tsukuba 1; Maciel/Umezeiro) and ungrafted genotypes. The results indicate that there was graft incompatibility of Chimarrita and Maciel cultivars grafted into Umezeiro rootstock. Combinations identified as incompatible showed higher prunasin concentration and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) activity in rootstock and greater concentration of total phenolics compounds and antioxidant activity in scion and rootstock. The results indicate that large differences in CGs concentration, especially prunasin, can be the graft incompatibility cause between Prunus persica and P. mume. The prunasin concentration may be considered a promising marker to predict graft compatibility between P. persica and P. mume.We acknowledge the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for their financial support.graft incompatibilityamygdalinprunasinphenylalanine ammonia-lyaseoxidative stressPublishe