1 research outputs found
Π’ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°Ρ
The safety of the cereal products is of high nutritional and toxicological interest, since the cereal industry and its products have a big economic and social importance worldwide. In this pilot research the presence and the content of toxic trace elements arsenic, cadmium and lead in three samples of rice: 11,67+5,69mg/kg, 25,67+6,43mg/kg, 47,67+18,01mg/kg for As, Cd and Pb respectively, wheat flour: 7+5mg/kg, 9+1,73mg/kg, 69,92+16,92mg/kg and flour products (bread: 9,33+2,08mg/kg, 6,67+0,58mg/kg, 36+3,6mg/kg, pasta: 1,61+1,15mg/kg, 2,67+2,08mg/kg, 30+7mg/kg and tea biscuits: 4,67+4,04mg/kg, 1,33+0,58mg/kg, 53+9,64mg/kg for As, Cd and Pb respectively) produced by three different manufacturers from Macedonia was determined by applying the hydride generation and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with wet digestion. In this research the contribution to the average daily intake for toxic elements through daily intake of cereal and cereal products (20% of the all-day meal) has been determined. The contribution of As (9,86%), Cd (10,02%) and Pb (11,39%) compared to the average daily intake and the PTDI was low, which indicates that these products are safe for consumption concerning the examined toxic elements. The levels of the toxic elements in the samples of Macedonian rice, wheat flour, bread, pasta and tea biscuits are comparable to those obtained from various parts of the world and their consumption does not pose any health risks.ΠΠ΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎ Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π°Ρ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΠΎ ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½, ΠΊΠ°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·: 11,67+5,69mg/kg, 25,67+6,43mg/kg, 47,67+18,01mg/kg, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ: 7+5mg/kg, 9+1,73mg/kg, 69,92+16,92mg/kg Π·Π° As, Cd ΠΈ Pb, ΡΠΎΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ (Π»Π΅Π±: 9,33+2,08mg/kg, 6,67+0,58mg/kg, 36+3,6mg/kg, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ: 1,61+1,15mg/kg, 2,67+2,08mg/kg, 30+7mg/kg ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΡΠΈ: 4,67+4,04mg/kg, 1,33+0,58mg/kg, 53+9,64mg/kg Π·Π° As, Cd ΠΈ Pb, ΡΠΎΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ) ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ·Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½ Π²Π½Π΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎ (20% ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠΊ). ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° As (9,86%), Cd (10,02%) ΠΈ Pb (11,39 %) ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½ Π²Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½ Π²Π½Π΅Ρ, PTDI, Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π·Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ Π²Π½Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ²Π° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅