Additional file 1: of m-Power Heart Project - a nurse care coordinator led, mHealth enabled intervention to improve the management of hypertension in India: study protocol for a cluster randomized trial

Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOCX 49 kb

Natural History of Type 2 Diabetes in Indians: Time to Progression

Objective: To describe the natural history of diabetes in Indians.Research Design and Methods: Data are from CARRS longitudinal study participants aged ≥20 years. Glycemic states were defined per ADA criteria. Markov models estimated annual transition probabilities, and sojourn time through states.Results: Among 2714 diabetes-free participants, 641 had isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), and 341 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The annual transition to diabetes for IGT was 13.9% (12.0%, 15.9%) vs 8.6% (7.3%, 9.8%) for iIFG. In the normoglycemia iIFG diabetes model, mean sojourn time in normoglycemia was (40.3; 34.6, 48.2 years) while sojourn time in iIFG was (9.7; 8.4, 11.4 years). For the normoglycemia IGT diabetes model, mean sojourn time in normoglycemia was 34.5 (29.5, 40.8) while sojourn time in IGT was (6.1;5.3, 7.1 years).Conclusion: Individuals reside in normoglycemia for 35-40 years, however, progression from prediabetes to diabetes is rapid. </p

Adjusted association between living with a spouse with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 1,598).

<p>Adjusted association between living with a spouse with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 1,598).</p

Site-specific adjusted relative odds (95% confidence interval) of having a chronic condition if any other member of the household has that same chronic condition (reference: no other member of the household has that same condition) and test for interaction between sites.

<p>Site-specific associations were computed by including an interaction term between the site and the exposure condition. The <i>P</i> values shown are from generalized score tests for Type III contrasts for the site x exposure interaction term. The horizontal line marks the null value. Madhya Pradesh data were excluded from the common mental disorder analysis because of poor performance of the survey tool. Chronic conditions were defined as follows: diabetes (prior diagnosis, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or taking medication); common mental disorder (General Health Questionnaire score ≥ 12); hypertension (prior diagnosis, blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg, or taking medication); obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m²); and high cholesterol (prior diagnosis, total blood cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL, or taking medication). See <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002395#pmed.1002395.s003" target="_blank">S3 Table</a> for these data in table form.</p

Adjusted association between living with a parent with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 1,660).

<p>Adjusted association between living with a parent with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 1,660).</p

Adjusted association between living with someone with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 7,572).

<p>Adjusted association between living with someone with a given chronic condition and having that same or another chronic condition (<i>n</i> = 7,572).</p

Characteristics of the analytic sample.

<p>Characteristics of the analytic sample.</p

Additional file 1: of Task shifting of frontline community health workers for cardiovascular risk reduction: design and rationale of a cluster randomised controlled trial (DISHA study) in India

Study questionnaire. http://www.ccdcindia.org//Disha_study/DISHA_STUDY_QUESTIONNAIRE.pdf . (DOC 22 kb

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and risk factors for its progression: A cross-sectional comparison of Indians living in Indian versus U.S. cities - Fig 1

<p><b>Prevalence of CKD according to demographic correlates in (A) men and (B) women</b> In MASALA, men with income in the lower tertiles had higher CKD prevalence than men with income in the top tertile. In CARRS, men with no college education had higher CKD prevalence than men with college education. Across studies, men with income in the lower tertiles in CARRS had higher CKD prevalence than men with income in the lower tertiles in the MASALA. Women in the MASALA study had significantly higher prevalence of CKD across nearly all demographic correlates compared with women in CARRS. * denotes statistically significant difference within each study, # denotes statistically significant difference between studies.</p

Prevalence of risk factors for adverse events, and evidence of their management among participants with CKD.

<p>Of the 558 and 122 participants with CKD in CARRS and MASALA respectively, 430 (77%) and 119 (98%) had complete data on prevalence of risk factors for progression of CKD and/or cardiovascular events. While 43% of participants with CKD in CARRS had diabetes, only 17% were on medications and only 2% (i.e., 4% of those with CKD and diabetes) had A1c < 7.0.</p