СЪВРЕМЕННАТА МЕДИЦИНСКА СЕСТРА КАТО ЧАСТ ОТ ИНВАЗИВНИЯ КАРДИОЛОГИЧЕН ЕКИП

Heart diseases are a major factor in high mortality, disability and temporary disability, both worldwide and in Bulgaria. For patients suffering from chest pain, rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial. A nurse working in an invasive cardiology unit must have specific knowledge and professional skills to provide quality care. The increasing diagnostic and therapeutic value of invasive procedures in patients with cardiovascular disease creates challenges for the education and training of nurses in this specialized field. The modern health care system requires nurses to have professional knowledge, skills and habits corresponding to the specific technologies of the professional activity. Over time, invasive coronary procedures have increased in number and complexity. This trend translates into an increased need for precisely performed medical activities, professional competence and effective communication of the nurse as part of the invasive cardiology team

Organisation of shipboard working hours

Ships function twenty-four hours a day, seven days per week and generally work is being done by as few people from the staff as possible. The role of working hours organisation as a health risk factor for workers on a ship is being studied. The participants in the study are 155 sailors - 153 men (98.7%) and 2 women (1.3%), at a mean age of 45.35±0.8 years. The duration of the period on board according tothe last contract of the interviewed people varies from 1 to 7 months. The average working period for workers in offshore companies is 1.15±1.4 months, which is much shorter in comparison to the merchant fleet with a duration of 3.2±2.5 months (Ñ€0.05).A lack of time for daily routine tasks is more common among sailors from the merchant fleet - 26 people or 44.8% as well as among those working on a drillship- 23 people or 25%, (χ² square test of Pearson =6.358, where Ñ€<0.05). Extra labour and psycho-emotional tension are established without any credible differences in both groups.Assessment and management of the health risk among sailors needs an optimisation of the labour organisation, which aims at increasing the hours of sleep,reduction of extra labour and long work shifts. There is a legislative requirement for the ships to be exploited by an optimal number of staff but in the modern shipping industry sailors are being hired at the minimum allowed number without any possibility for change during shifts and any physiological regimens ofwork and rest. Reducing the staff leads to fatigue and stress among seaworkers

Infrasound exposure and health effects among seafarers

Seas and oceans are some of the most powerful natural sources of infrasound oscillations and the study literature suggests that transport is also a powerful anthropogenic source of infrasound. Noise in ships has a very wide frequency range - from infrasonic to ultrasonic. A literature review has been made using theavailable data on infrasound sources when working at sea and the risk factors for the health and safety of the crew. Historical and documentary methods were used to process the collected information, analyze and summarize data. Regarding the pathogenesis of infrasound effects, many researchers adhere to the so-calledresonance theory. A number of studies have shown a link between low-frequency noise and various physiological and psychological reactions such as irritation,change in hearing perception, concentration problems, sleep depression, mood effects, and the so-called vibroacoustic disease (VAD). Adverse health effects fromoccupational exposure are observed in memory, anxiety and effectiveness. Evidence of vascular and respiratory effects exists but is inconclusive. VAD has a whole body pathology that develops in people who are exposed to infrasound. The mutagenic potential of infrasound exposures is also discussed in humans and animal experiments. The frequency-specific effects are not yet known, valid dose-response relationships are difficult to identify and there are still no large-scale epidemiologicalstudies.Infrasound and very low frequency sounds are a widespread pollutant in the work and communal environment. Their combined biological exposure action and generic vibration on board of vessels is a specific risk factor for the health and safety of seafarers. Maritime occupational medicine doctors need to know the specific pathology and carefully look for the early manifestations of the preclinical stages of cardiovascular, central-nervous, respiratory and auditory-vestibular function abnormalities

Awareness of people and priority about the choice of bathing zones at the Black Sea seaside of Varna region

Introduction: Providing information about the quality of the seawater in bathing zones is in accordance with the European and Bulgarian legislation. Testing and controlling seawater purity is extremely important for preventing illnesses.Aim: The aim of this article is to study the awareness of people about the quality of seawater in the Varna region; to study the factors that define people`s choice of bathing zones and evaluate it according to the classification of European Commission.Results: The development and improvement of European and national standards of treating seawater have significant importance for the constant bathing water quality improvement through the years. There are the following priorities in people`s choice of bathing zones: `good infrastructure`, `easy access` - 48.3% followed by bathing water quality - 43.3% of participants. Better educated people choose more often according to the water quality - 53% of participants with higher education compared to 31.5% of people with secondary education, p<0.05 at χ2 5,616.The information submitted according to European and Bulgarian legislation is not sufficient - 91.7% of the participants need more information about the quality of seawater in a bathing zone they would visit and only 8.3% do not need any. It has been noticed that 27.7%, or 1/4, of participants have pointed out that they would not visit a `poor` quality zone, while in fact they normally do visit such type of zones.Conclusion: The existing standard for bathing water quality monitoring is well organized and absolutely in accordance with international and European trends in the field. The participants in the survey do not know the health risks of bathing in polluted water. Better educated people consider water quality a factor defining their choice of bathing places

Study Of The Historical Heritage In Veliko Tarnovo Region Related To Midwifery Practice

The current historical review studies historical documents dating back to the time of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom (ХII –ХIV century) and until the end of XX century, all related to midwife practices in the Veliko Tarnovo region of the country. The report is based on a historical as well as a documentary method while the information is interpreted and systemized. The data reveals that the health and midwife practices in this part of Bulgaria are the prototypes of modern midwifery practices, which have a unique character and are example also for the modern generation. Nine sources are studied in the period April – June 2018 (record sources and material evidences from funds of the Regional Historical Museum and Regional Library in Veliko Tarnovo). The text is chronically structured

Analysis of the morbidity with temporary incapacity for work among workers at the ship building and ship repairing company

Aim: To analyse the yearly morbidity with temporary in capacity among workers at the ship building and ship-repairing company as compared to norm groups after Batkis-Lekarev, previously defined values according to groups of disease - standard and registered illnesses of the population aged 18 and above in general hospitals in Varna district for the period 2004-2006. The comparative analysis for the period 2004-2006 shows that the negative tendencies in the morbidity with temporary in capacity for work have decreased during the past year. The structure of morbidity shows that the basic reasons for temporary in capacity for work of the working team as a whole are mainly diseases of the respiratory, musculo-skeletal system and diseases of the peripheral nervous system, which can be explained with the specific type of work. Special attention should be paid to the fact that the frequency of absences from work be cause of malignant growths grows double each following year. The progression of the sickness related to the peripheral nervous system, neuroses and eye diseases is similar. The presence of some of these diseases could be related directly with the working conditions.Scripta Scientifica Medica 2009; 41(2): 191-194

Anxiety level and health indicators at sea

Потенциално кардиотоксичният ефект на психопатологията и несправянето с емоциите се обсъжда широко, но сравнително малко e проучен саногенния ефект на здравата психологична функция и възможностите за промоция на здравето. Приемайки, че емоционалната виталност е стабилна личностна характеристика, си поставихме за цел да проучим влиянието на положителните показатели от скалата на Спилбъргър за личностна тревожност при работещи в морския транспорт върху сърдечно-съдовия риск поотделно опосредствано от: - здравни промени - систолно и диастолно артериално налягане и хипертония, сърдечна ос от ЕКГ, пулсова честота;- поведенчески промени в начина на живот (тютюнопушене, физическа активност, употреба на алкохол, нарушения в съня);Изследвани са 164 мъже на средна възраст 43,080,787 г. с общ трудов стаж 17,690,939г. от които средно 16,591,198г в морския транспорт. Проведена е анкета за оценка на сърдечно-съдовия риск в зависимост от пол, възраст, фамилна обремененост, характер на трудовата задача и начин на живот. Регистрирани са артериално налягане и ЕКГ - запис след 10-минутен покой в легнало положение. Направени са лабораторни изследвания на биохимични показатели в серум за общ холестерол, HDL-холестерол, триглицериди, кръвна захар, чернодробни ензими и пикочна киселина. Проучването доказва ролята на устойчивата психическа функция в промоцията на кардиологичното здраве. Тя е далеч по-ефективно профилактично средство от традиционно анамнестично проучваната липса на негативни психологични фактори (дистрес и психо-социални неблагополучия на работното място и /или в семейството). Позитивните личностни характеристики позволяват на индивидите да отговорят адекватно на предизвикателствата на околната среда, a също така да осигурят капацитет за справяне с безбройните стресорни преживявания и ситуации в ежедневието.The potential cardiotoxic effect of psychopathology and not being able to deal with emotions is discussed widely, but the pros of healthy psychological function and opportunities for health promotion are relatively low explored.Assuming that emotional vitality is a stable personality characteristic we aim to study the influence of positive indicators for personal anxiety of the scale of Spilbarger on the cardiovascular risk in seaman separately mediated by: - health status - systolic and diastolic blood pressure and hypertension, cardiac axis of ECG, pulse rate; - behavior outcomes of lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, alcohol use, sleep disorders);We have made a survey between 164 men (43,08±0,8 years old), with a total length of overall service 17,69 ± 0,9 years, of which an average of 16,59±1,2 years of sea service.A survey was made to measure the cardiovascular risk according to gender, age, family history, type of the work task and lifestyle. We recorded ECG and blood pressure of the seaman after a 10-minute rest. Blood tests have been made for biochemical parameters in serum - total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, liver enzymes and uric acid.The study demonstrates the outcome of sustainable mental function in promoting cardiac health.It is far more effective prophylactic measure than traditionally studied lack of negative psychological factors (the distress and psychosocial failures at work and / or at home).The positive personality characteristics allow the individuals to respond adequately to the challenges of the environment, but also provides capacity to cope with countless stress experiences and situations in everyday life

SPA programs as a method of worksite health promotion

Introduction: Recent research has shown, that in the current work environment, there is an established connection between a worker`s surroundings and working conditions, and their level of concentration and awareness, as well as the strong effectiveness of detoxicating SPA treatments in reducing the intensity of stress that an employee endures. The nature of work, as well as the environment in which it is carried out are important factors which affect the health and satisfaction of the worker, carrying it out. The negative effects that these factors contribute to could be counteracted by detoxicating SPA treatments.Aim: To research the positive effects of including detoxicating SPA treatments as a preventative measure against stress and its effects on the efficiency and productivity of employees.Materials and Methods: A comparison has been made between the effectiveness and productivity of people, working primarily intellectually taxing jobs in providing services, in the absence of detoxicating SPA treatments, and the effectiveness and productivity of people working identical jobs, who were given such treatments. The methods utilized for conducting the research are a corrective test, where the experimental and control groups, both consisting of 11 people, were made to mark out specific characters in a random string of characters, and a test, where the same groups were made to draw a curve inside of boundaries, describing a smooth zig-zag pattern, without escaping the said boundaries or lifting their hand. These tests were carried out at the beginning and end of a normal workday.Results and Discussion: A trend of delayed and reduced fatigue has been noticed in the subjects who were given detoxicating SPA treatments.Conclusion: An increase in the health and productivity of employees, primarily carrying out intellectually taxing work under psycho-emotional stress and hypokinesia in the department of provision of services can be achieved by utilizing well-developed regulation of work and rest hours and the inclusion of detoxicating SPA treatments