Contribuições do agronegócio ao desenvolvimento econômico: três ensaios

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia, Florianópolis, 2017.A evolução tecnológica e a crescente demanda por alimentos têm provocado mudanças na cadeia produtiva do agronegócio, pois na medida em que se intensificam o uso de máquinas agrícolas e de insumos industrializados e de produtos agrícolas processados, tornam-se mais estreitas as relações entre o setor agropecuário e os segmentos das agroindústrias. Isto conduz a uma ampliação e diversificação dos setores produtivos envolvidos direta e indiretamente ao agronegócio, acarretando um impacto na economia, no meio ambiente e nas relações sociais do campo e da cidade. Portanto, a presente tese levanta a hipótese de que os encadeamentos intersetoriais do agronegócio atuem como relevante força propulsora para o desenvolvimento rural, e a partir disto, coloca-se como objetivo analisar a importância e investigar a forma em que relações produtivas do agronegócio contribuem ao desenvolvimento econômico. Ao longo dos 3 ensaios, diversas metodologias foram aplicadas com o propósito de justificar, mensurar, mapear e agrupar as relações produtivas do agronegócio com os outros setores da economia. Em linhas gerais, os resultados mostraram que as interações produtivas da cadeia do agronegócio podem alavancar outros setores produtivos, fomentando emprego e renda, evidenciadas principalmente pelo alto Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal em regiões agrícolas em que há presença significativa da agroindústria ou dos setores de serviços.Abstract : Technological development and a growing demand for food have changed the agribusiness supply chain, because a higher use of agricultural machinery, modern inputs and processed farm products, turns closer the relationships between the agricultural sector and agro based industry. It extends and diversifies the productive sectors involved directly and indirectly to agribusiness, causing an impact on the economy, environment and social relations of countryside and urban zone. By this way, this present thesis assumes the hypothesis that agribusiness intersectorial thread as relevant for rural development, and from this, the goal of this doctoral dissertation it?s analyzing importanceand way in which agribusiness productive relationships contribute to the Brazilian economic development. Through 3 essays, methodologies have been applied to justifying, measuring, mapping and grouping agribusiness productive relationships with other sectors of the economy. Broadly, the results shown that agribusiness iterations can leverage productive sectors, employment and income, mainly attest by higher index of municipal human development in farming regions where is significant presence of agro based industry or the services sectors

Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers: A Critical Sentinel Group for Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 Variant Shift

SARS-CoV-2 genome surveillance is important for monitoring risk groups and health workers as well as data on new cases and mortality rate due to COVID-19. We characterized the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants from May 2021 to April 2022 in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, and evaluated the similarity between variants present in the population and healthcare workers (HCW). A total of 5291 sequenced genomes demonstrated the circulation of 55 strains and four variants of concern (Alpha, Delta, Gamma and Omicron—sublineages BA.1 and BA.2). The number of cases was relatively low in May 2021, but the number of deaths was higher with the Gamma variant. There was a significant increase in both numbers between December 2021 and February 2022, peaking in mid-January 2022, when the Omicron variant dominated. After May 2021, two distinct variant groups (Delta and Omicron) were observed, equally distributed among the five Santa Catarina mesoregions. Moreover, from November 2021 to February 2022, similar variant profiles between HCW and the general population were observed, and a quicker shift from Delta to Omicron in HCW than in the general population. This demonstrates the importance of HCW as a sentinel group for monitoring disease trends in the general population