Financial risk-taking in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

This study aimed to examine the financial risk-taking behaviors of adult individuals diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted with adults (n = 80) diagnosed with ADHD and healthy controls (n = 80). In order to measure risk-taking in the financial domain, the items in the investment and gambling sub-dimensions of the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) were applied. Findings: Adults with ADHD had higher investment and gambling risk-taking and expected benefits scores than the control group, and there was no difference between the two groups in terms of risk perceptions. In the regression analysis, there was a positive linear relationship between the investment and gambling risk-taking scores and the expected benefits scores in both groups. There was a negative linear relationship between investment risk-taking and risk perceptions scores only in the control group. Originality/value: In terms of investment and gambling, both risk-taking and expected benefits are greater in individuals with ADHD. It has been observed that while healthy individuals take investment risks, they evaluate according to the expected benefits and risk perceptions, while individuals with ADHD make evaluations only according to the expected benefits, risk perceptions do not predict financial risk-taking in individuals with ADHD. When it comes to risk-taking related to gambling, both groups take risks only according to their expectations of benefits, not their perceptions of risk. The study provides outputs that can contribute to the literature in terms of the effects of ADHD diagnosis on financial decision-making processes in the context of risk-taking

Evaluation of Styloid Process Length and Calcification Degrees of Renal Transplant Patients with Panoramic Radiographs

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the styloid process length and calcification degrees of renal-transplant patients and compare them with the healthy control group. Materials amp; Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 93 patients who had renal transplantation and 93 healthy patients were reviewed retrospectively. Length measurements were made from the apex to the base of the styloid process with a line following the profile. The elongation degrees were classified into five groups as normal (type 0), elongated (Type 1), pseudo-segmented (Type 2), segmented (Type 3) and non-continuous (Type 4). Calcification degrees were classified into four different groups as external (Type A), partial (Type B), nodular (Type C) and complete calcification (Type D). Results: The study and control groups were matched for age and gender. Styloid process length was found to be significantly higher in male than in female (p lt;0.001). The extent of elongation and calcification did not differ in terms of gender. The mean styloid process length values were found to be significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (p lt;0.001). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of elongation degrees (p lt;0.001). For elongation types, while the majority of the study group was type 1, type 0 was observed more in the control group. No difference was observed between the groups in terms of the calcification degrees (p=0.076). Conclusion: Changes in phosphate balance and parathyroid hormone levels, possibly due to hemodialysis treatment in renal transplant patients, may have led to styloid process elongation

Evaluation of the Effect of Nasal Septal Deviation and Concha Bullosa on Maxillary Sinus Volume by Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine, using cone beam computed tomography images, the direction and severity of nasal septal deviation as well as the relationship between the presence of concha bullosa with maxillary sinus volume. Materials Methods: In this retrospective study, images of 50 individuals who had been referred for cone beam computed tomography imaging for a variety of reasons were used. Age, gender, the direction and severity of the nasal septal deviation, and the presence and types of concha bullosa, were all investigated. The maxillary sinus volume was calculated using the Simplant Pro 16 program (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium). SPSS v.22 software was used for all statistical analyses. The statistical significance level was accepted as

ARTICLE IN PRESS Th e Disrupted Connection Between Cerebral Hemispheres in Schizophrenia Patients: A Diff usion Tensor Imaging Study •

SUMMARY Aim: In schizophrenia, the disruption of the communication between two brain hemispheres has not been shown clearly in the anatomical aspect despite other studies with different modalities suggested so. In this study, the structural integrity and the variables affecting the structural integrity of the corpus callosum, which is the main connection between two hemispheres, was investigated via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: The participants were evaluated by SCID-I and symptoms of the patients were assessed with PANSS. DT images of 25 schizophrenia patients and 17 healthy volunteers were acquired via 1.5 T MR. Fractioned Anisotropy (FA) values of two groups, measured on the DT images, were compared. Results: It was found that fractioned anisotropy (FA) values were lower in the genu of the patients than the healthy controls; however, there was no difference between the FA values of the patients and the controls in the splenium. Moreover, a significant negative correlation between the splenium FA values and the antipsychotic medication doses; and a trend level negative correlation of splenium FA and PANSS scores were found. Conclusion: Corpus callosum is the most important structure that connects two frontal lobes. The hypothesis that posits the fundamental role of the disconnection of frontal lobes in schizophrenia is supported by the findings of this study