Failure to Return for Posttest Counseling and HIV Test Results at the Prevention and Voluntary Testing and Counseling Centers of Douala, Cameroon: An Evaluation of a Routine Five-Year Program

This study examined the magnitude and time trends in failure to return (FTR) rates and the relation between FTR and individual characteristics, tests procedures, waiting period for the results, and HIV test results among people who were screened for HIV in the prevention and voluntary testing and counseling centers (PVTCCs) of six district hospitals of the city of Douala in Cameroon, between January 2009 and December 2013. It was a retrospective analysis of medical records. Among the 32,020 analyzed records, the failure to return (FTR) rate was 14.3%. Overall, people aged 50 years and over, those tested between 2011 and 2012, and those tested in the PVTCC of Bonassama were less likely to return for their results. Significant factors associated with FTR included being a housewife, having a positive/undetermined/requiring confirmation result, and provider-initiated testing and counseling (PITC). There was an increasing trend for FTR in the PVTCCs of Bonassama, New-Bell, Nylon, and Cité des Palmiers. HIV testing and counseling services in Douala district hospitals must be reorganized such that individuals tested for HIV receive their results on the same day of the test. Also counselors need to better alert clients concerning the importance of returning for their test results

Liens entre l'état nutritionnel des personnes âgées en communauté au Cameroun, les conditions de santé et les facteurs sociodémographiques : 1ère étude nationale

International audienc

Nutritional status and associated factors among community-dwelling elderly

International audienceBackground and aims: Although the ageing of the Cameroonian population is a public health issue in the coming years, the nutritional status of the elderly is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status, health status and associated socio-demographic factors among elderly in Cameroon.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 599 elderly (aged 60) was conducted in urban and rural areas. Several socio-demographic, sanitary, and anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)) data were collected. Nutritional status was defined according to WHO. Multinomial analysis was performed to identify factors associated with nutritional status. The threshold of statistical significance was 5%.Results: The population, representative of the elderly, was aged 68.9 ± 7.2 years, with sex ratio M/F ¼ 0.93, weight 68.5 ± 14.7 kg, BMI 24.7 ± 5.3,WC 90.1 ± 12.8 cm and MUAC 28.2 ± 5.0 cm. According to BMI, undernutrition was 19.7%, normal status 37.9%, overweight 24.9%, obesity 17.5%. The concordance for undernutrition between BMI and MUAC was weak (kappa ¼ 0.3). In multinomial analysis, only no medication was negatively associated with undernutrition (OR ¼ 0.3). Obesity was positively associated with the urban environment (OR ¼ 4.8) and inactivity (OR ¼ 2.9) and negatively associated with male gender (OR ¼ 0.4), widowed (OR ¼ 0.2), head of household (OR ¼ 0.4), no income (OR ¼ 0.3), one pathology(OR ¼ 0.4), no medication (OR ¼ 0.2), having normal diastolic pressure (OR ¼ 0.2).Conclusions: Undernutrition and obesity (more frequent in women, and in urban area) affect 37.2% of the elderly. These nutritional disorders are a public health problem that cannot be ignored

Impact du niveau socio-économique sur l’utilisation du programme de prévention de la transmission du VIH de la mère à l’enfant à Douala – Cameroun

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Use of oral rehydration therapy in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea in Douala, Cameroon.

The use of oral rehydration solutions in our context remains limited. This study was conducted to analyze the rate of this use in Douala, Cameroon and thereby determine the factors associated with it.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Facteurs associés à la non observance thérapeutique des sujets adultes infectés par le VIH sous antirétroviraux dans un hôpital de référence à Douala

SCOPUS: ar.jSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Yaounde, Cameroon

Organisms producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported in many countries, but there is no information on the prevalence of ESBL-producing members of the family Enterobacteriaceae in Cameroon. A total of 259 Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated between 1995 and 1998 from patients at the Yaounde Central Hospital in Cameroon. Enterobacterial isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporin and monobactam were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk (DD) synergy test. Thirty-one (12%) of these Enterobacteriaceae strains were shown to be positive by the DD synergy test, suggesting the presence of ESBLs. Resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams of 12 (38.7%) of the 31 strains—i.e., 6 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 4 Escherichia coli, 1 Citrobacter freundii, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae strain—was transferred to E. coli HK-225 by conjugation. Resistance to gentamicin, gentamicin plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was cotransferred into 6, 2, and 1 of these transconjugants, respectively. All 12 transconjugants were resistant to amoxicillin, piperacillin, all of the cephalosporins, and aztreonam but remained susceptible to cefoxitin and imipenem. Crude extracts of β-lactamase-producing transconjugants were able to reduce the diameters of inhibition zones around disks containing penicillins, narrow- to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins or monobactams when tested against a fully susceptible E. coli strain but had no effect on such zones around cefoxitin, imipenem, and amoxicillin-clavulanate disks. The β-lactamases produced by the 12 tranconjugants turned out to be SHV-12 by DNA sequencing. Therefore, the ESBL SHV-12 is described for the first time in Cameroon

Undernutrition, overweight and obesity prevalences among community-dwelling elderly in Africa-a systematic review

International audienc

Undernutrition, overweight and obesity among elderly living in communities in Africa: a systematic review

International audienc