A review of comorbid disorders with PTSD in psychiatric centers in Tehran between 2009-2010

Introduction: Vulnerability has an important role in PTSD, which can be either genetic or acquisitive. According to research, the disorder coexists simultaneously with at least another psychiatric disorder and can be a disorder comorbid with a predictive factor, which influences the process from afflicting to medication. This study was performed to determine PTSD accompanying disorders in the patients referring to psychiatric centers in Tehran between 2009-2010.Methods: A total of 71 patients referring to psychiatric centers were examined for the co-occurring symptoms and disorders through questionnaires after initial interview, DSM-IV-TR criteria, and PTSD diagnosis.Results: 78.9% of the studied group was female and 21.1% was male. 39.4% of patients had acute PTSD, 60.5% chronic PTSD, and 93% had at least one other disease simultaneously.Conclusion: Insomnia, depression, and anxiety are the most important co-occurring diseases, and physiological symptoms are the most common symptoms of the disorder.Declaration of Interest: None.Keywords: Symptoms, Comorbidity, Posttraumatic stress disorder

Attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder in children with visualdiseases

Introduction:The purpose of our study was to evaluate the frequency of behavioral problem in pre school-aged children with visual problem.Methods: In this expost facto study, which was selected via convenient sampling, 143 children ranging in age from 3-6 years that refer to optometry clinic for routine eye examination were evaluated.After complete ocular exams including evaluation of visual acuity with and without glasses, refraction with and without cycloplegic eye drops; we took written consent from parents, and obtained a detailed history of the children. One parent of each child completed the Conner’s Parent Rating Scale(CPRS).The CPRS scores of children with eye problem (30 cases) were compared with the normative sample (113 cases with normal eye exam) by t-test.We used ANOVA test to determine differences in outcomes between groups.Results: After complete ocular exams in order to diagnosis visual problems in 143 children 77 (54%) boys and 66(46%) girls that participated in our study with a mean age of 5.14 years (SD =3.64), 113 clients were normal, 23patients with refractive error and 7 child had amblyopia.Conclusion: Our results suggest that children ranging in age from 3to 6 years with eye problem have not a higher behavioral problem as measured by the CPRS than normal children.Declaration of Interest:None.Keywords: Disorder, Attention deficit hyperactivity, Child, Eye diseases.[1]1. Ph.D student in Psychometric, Allameh Tabatabaie University, Tehran, Iran.2. Professor of  Psychiatry,Shahid Beheshti UniversityOf Medical Sciences Faculty of Rehabilitationsciences,Tehran, Iran.3. Associate  professor of  Psychiatry, Shahid BeheshtiUniversity of Medical Sciences.4. professor of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences ResearchCenter Shahed Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.Corresponding Author:ParvinDibajnia, ImamHossienSq. Damavand Ave. School of Rehabilitation, ShahidBeheshti University Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran Zipcode: 16169-13111Tel-fax: +98-21 -77561406Email: pdibaj @ gmail.co

ABO blood groups comparing obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression

Introduction: The history of studies on blood groups dates back to early 20th century. Studies have demonstrated that certain blood groups dictate tendencies toward physical or psychiatric illnesses. The present study aimed to find out the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Methods: In this survey, descriptive study with convenient samples, male/female patients who attended our psychiatry clinics with OCD (n=200) and depression (n=201) diagnosis, were enrolled according to DSM IV-TR criteria. Group one included two hundred patients with OCD (41 male and 159 female; mean age: 32.86 years) and second group consisting of two hundred and one patients were used for ABO/Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigen typing.Results: The ABO blood group phenotype distribution in OCD and depression subjects were respectively as follow: 31% (29.9%) for group A, 21% (22.9%) for group B, 40% (36.8%1) for group O and 8% (10.5%) for group AB. Rh positivity was found in 87% (85.6%1) of patients. Also, According to the Iranian Red Cross (2004), blood groups in OCD and depressive group were not significantly different from the distribution in the total Iranian population (chi-square=1.87, DF=6, p=0.93).Conclusion: According to our results, there were no differences in ABO-Rh blood groups distribution among OCD and depressive patients and normal population.Declaration of Interest: None.[1]Keywords: ABO blood group type, Obsession, Compulsive, Behavior.1. Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry,Centre for Behavioral Sciences Studies, Faculty ofRehabilitation, ShahidBeheshti University ofMedical Sciences.2. Master in Psychometry, Centre for BehavioralSciences Studies, ShahidBeheshti University ofMedical SciencesCorresponding Author:ParvinDibajian, Tel-fax: +98-21 -7756140

Development and Application of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique Using SYBR Green I in the Diagnosis of Down Syndrome

Objective: Rapid diagnosis of Trisomy 21 Syndrome (Down Syndrome) patients usingReal-Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-Time qPCR) in order to establisha novel method for prenatal diagnosis in the future.Materials and Methods: A total of 5 ml of peripheral blood was obtained from eachpatient and normal controls (NR). Then, genomic DNA from lymphocytes was extractedusing the salting out procedure. Gene dosage levels of DSCAM and (PMP22, DSCAM) inDown Syndrome and NR were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR. The DSCAM/PMP22 ratio was calculated according to the 2-ΔΔCt formula for all samples.Results: Real-time PCR showed a DSCAM/PMP22 ratio of 1.48 ± 0.18 and 1.01 ± 0.10(p<0.001) in Down Syndrome and normal samples, respectively, demonstrating threecopies of the target (DSCAM) gene in Trisomy 21 Syndrome.Conclusion: DSCAM/PMP22 ratio is increased significantly in Down Syndrome patientsthan NR (1.5 times). Therefore, the real-time quantitative PCR technique can be used asa sensitive, accurate and reliable technique for rapid and prenatal diagnosis of Trisomy21 Syndrome