Bioactive compounds, antidiabetic and antimicrobial potential of pinang seeds extract (Areca catechu l)

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting people of all ages. The critical aspect of fruits is that rich sources of antioxidants may act in combination with each other phytochemicals to provide their protective effect. Pinang (Areca catechu L.) fruit is edible as the local indigenous plant from West Irian Jaya (Papua) Indonesia. This study was aimed at investigating the biologically active compounds of seeds, fruits, and leaves, the a-glucosidase inhibitory and antibacterial activity of seeds of Pinang against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Pinang fruits were extracted by using the maceration method and ethanol solvent. Identify the chemical compounds in seeds by GC-MS technique, test to a-glycosidase inhibitory effect was measured with spectrophotometric. Well, the diffusion method was employed in evaluating the antimicrobial property of extracts. The evaluation of the bioactive compound of Pinang fruits revealed the presence of Vitamin E (0.20%). The inhibition of a-glucosidase of seeds extract of IC50 values was 82.74 ppm, and the global standard was 0.34 ppm. This study confirmed that Pinang seeds contain glucosidase activity that has the potency to inhibit glucose. The antimicrobial activity was performed against bacteria as it showed zone inhibition. These results indicated that Pinang seed extracts exerted potent inhibitory effects against a-glucosidase and inhibited the proliferation of Gram-negative microorganisms

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Medical Students across Indonesia: A Literature Review

Aim: To make profiling of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia through a literature search on previous scientific publications in the internet, then creating a map showing the spread of this silent epidemic among medical students. Methodology: Simple internet based literature study cross sectionally search for previous published scientific articles available only on the internet, regarding overweight or obesity among medical students from different faculty of medicine in Indonesia. This study conducted from January to March 2023. Using famous search engine, Google™, we type several keywords regarding overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia. Results and Discussion: Data from 29 published articles obtained electronically. The mean percentage of overweight and obese students is 35.5% and found in both public or private medical schools; where private schools have a slightly higher mean percentage of prevalence than the public ones. Even though there are 92 medical schools across Indonesia, it turns out that not all have such data uploaded to the internet. From the health communication perspective, this is also barriers that must be overcome. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among medical students of Indonesia is a real problem that must be managed properly in order to ensure that, these students stay healthy, can complete their education and then become doctors who serve the community. Keywords: Anatomy body mass index body image waist circumference public private health communicatio

Practicing Humility to Medical Students: Sharing Experience during Community Service to Specific Lay Church Congregation

Aims: The aim of this sharing of experience was to explore the foundational concepts of humility that helped medical students better understand and implement the principles of humility into his/her undergraduate medical education and also expressing it to the people they serve during community service Discussion: Medical student’s beliefs strongly contributed in the achievement of high standards and noble values, which already incorporated into medical curriculum. Unfortunately, due to their big size curriculum, medical students rarely get the opportunity to study and apply it directly in the community. Fortunately, the community service activities are only an optional activity that might help medical students become an integral part of the community and foster relationships that will build their sincere morale, especially humility. Medical students and also the community they serve surely benefiting this two-way mutualism from an involvement in community service. Conclusion: Medical students surely need out-door learning experiences, out of the classroom, clinic room and hospital room, in order to become an integral parts of the communities in which they will practice medicine