Appendix E. Linear discriminant analysis of fungi, bacteria, and plants using 13C variations among the three most informative amino acids.

Linear discriminant analysis of fungi, bacteria, and plants using 13C variations among the three most informative amino acids

Appendix B. The δ13C values of amino acids from fungi, bacteria, and plants.

The δ13C values of amino acids from fungi, bacteria, and plants

Appendix F. The δ13C values of individual nonessential amino acids for each taxon relative to their respective means.

The δ13C values of individual nonessential amino acids for each taxon relative to their respective means

Appendix G. Linear discriminant analysis using 13C variations among six essential amino acids of the present study and those of Scott et al. (2006).

Linear discriminant analysis using 13C variations among six essential amino acids of the present study and those of Scott et al. (2006)

Appendix C. Summary of linear discriminant analysis of 13C variation among seven and three essential amino acids.

Summary of linear discriminant analysis of 13C variation among seven and three essential amino acids

Appendix D. Results of ANOVA with factors affecting amino acid δ13C values.

Results of ANOVA with factors affecting amino acid δ13C values

Bi-cultural dynamics for risk and protective factors for cardiometabolic health in an Alaska Native (Yup’ik) population

<div><p>Alaska Native people experience disparities in mortality from heart disease and stroke. This work attempts to better understand the relationships between socioeconomic, behavioral, and cardiometabolic risk factors among Yup’ik people of southwestern Alaska, with a focus on the role of the socioeconomic, and cultural components. Using a cross-sectional sample of 486 Yup’ik adults, we fitted a Partial Least Squares Path Model (PLS-PM) to assess the associations between components, including demographic factors [age and gender], socioeconomic factors [education, economic status, Yup’ik culture, and Western culture], behavioral factors [diet, cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use, and physical activity], and cardiometabolic risk factors [adiposity, triglyceride-HDL and LDL lipids, glycemia, and blood pressure]. We found relatively mild associations of education and economic status with cardiometabolic risk factors, in contrast with studies in other populations. The socioeconomic factor and participation in Yup’ik culture had potentially protective associations with adiposity, triglyceride-HDL lipids, and blood pressure, whereas participation in Western culture had a protective association with blood pressure. We also found a moderating effect of participation in Western culture on the relationships between Yup’ik culture participation and both blood pressure and LDL lipids, indicating a potentially beneficial additional effect of bi-culturalism. Our results suggest that reinforcing protective effects of both Yup’ik and Western cultures could be useful for interventions aimed at reducing cardiometabolic health disparities.</p></div

PLS-PM relationships with total effect coefficients of gender and age with all other latent variables.

<p>Significant effects only (α = 0.05). Note that <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0183451#pone.0183451.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1</a> and Fig 2 represent the same model and are separated only for ease of viewing. Plain black lines and red dotted line represent positive and negative associations respectively.</p

Total significant effects coefficients, for inner Partial Least Squares Path Model, with Bootstrap Standard Error and 95% confidence intervals (n = 486).

<p>Total significant effects coefficients, for inner Partial Least Squares Path Model, with Bootstrap Standard Error and 95% confidence intervals (n = 486).</p

Direct paths and total effects coefficients of interaction between Western and Yup’ik culture, for inner Partial Least Squares Path Model, with Bootstrap Standard Error and 95% confidence intervals (n = 486).

<p>Direct paths and total effects coefficients of interaction between Western and Yup’ik culture, for inner Partial Least Squares Path Model, with Bootstrap Standard Error and 95% confidence intervals (n = 486).</p